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▪ Keyword : nutritional risk, malnutrition, hospitalized patients, prevalence, disease-related malnutrition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) mandates routine screening in many nations to ensure quality care as nutritional status often deteriorates during hospitalization. This study aimed to establish tool-specific prevalence benchmarks at admission and discharge, investigate sources of heterogeneity and evaluate diagnostic yields of one-step versus two-step GLIM approaches. Methods and Study Design: A systematic search of Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL was conducted for cross-sectional studies on nutritional status published between 1 January 2018 and 30 Nov 2025 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023480467). Eligible studies were pooled in a meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model.

▪ Keyword : dietary patterns, toddlers, factor analysis, allergic diseases, birth cohort

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Early-life diet may influence immune development and the risk of allergic diseases. This study investigated associations between dietary patterns at 24 months of age and allergic diseases in Korean toddlers. Methods and Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, 433 toddlers from the Korean Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) cohort were included. Dietary intake was assessed using two non-consecutive 24-hour recalls. Factor analysis of 26 food groups identified dietary patterns, and individual pattern scores were categorized into tertiles based on ascending distribution. Allergic diseases were determined by caregiver questionnaires.

▪ Keyword : malignant tumors, opportunistic sarcopenia, nomogram prediction model, screening, inflammatory index

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish a predictive model for opportunistic sarcopenia applicable to Chinese cancer patients, so as to quickly detect the occurrence of this condition and provide a basis for early clinical intervention. Methods and Study Design: A total of 522 malignant tumor patients admitted to the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from October 2017 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Opportunistic sarcopenia was diagnosed by L3 SMI. Twelve variables were collected; risk factors were screened and modeled via univariate and multivariate regression in R Studio, and continuous variable cutoff points were determined by SPSS. A nomogram was constructed and validated with clinical decision and calibration curves.

▪ Keyword : anemia, bioavailability, dietary intake, gut microbiota, iron deficiency anemia

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most prevalent micronutrient disorders worldwide. Recent work suggests that dysbiosis may not simply be a consequence of low iron status but may actively contribute to impaired absorption. This narrative review synthesizes the evidence on gut microbiota patterns in IDA across age groups, examines the mechanistic links between dysbiosis and iron metabolism, and identifies the potential roles of microbiota-related dietary and therapeutic strategies. Methods and Study Design: This narrative review used a selective, theory-driven approach, based on targeted searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2005–2026), to synthesize heterogeneous human, experimental, and mechanistic evidence on gut microbiota–iron intera...

▪ Keyword : constipation, agar, konjac, fiber-rich snacks, nursing home

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Constipation is a common condition among the elderly in nursing homes, partly due to a low fiber intake. This study utilized agar and konjac, both rich sources of dietary fiber, to develop fiber-rich snacks aimed at increasing fiber intake among the elderly. Methods and Study Design: This 3-week cross-over study was conducted among 20 elderly residents with constipation at Tuyet Thai Nursing Home, Vietnam (11 women, mean age 77 years; 9 men, mean age 79 years). Participants were divided into two groups receiving either control or fiber-rich snacks in alternating weeks, with a washout week in between. Two snacks were provided each day - control snacks made with tapioca and gelatin and intervention snacks in which part of the tapioca was replaced with konjac (...

▪ Keyword : resistant starch, gut health, gut microbiome, metabolic health, Asia–Pacific diets

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Metabolic diseases are rising rapidly across the Asia–Pacific region as traditional diets are displaced by refined, low-fibre foods. Resistant starch (RS) is a fermentable dietary component that modulates gut microbial activity and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, representing a promising strategy for metabolic and gut health. However, responses to RS vary according to dose, RS type, and individual context. Methods and Study Design: This narrative review synthesised evidence from animal and human studies on RS classification, food sources, microbial interactions, and metabolic regulation. We evaluated how responses differ by dose, RS type, baseline microbiome composition, metabolic phenotype, and habitual diet, with particular atten...

▪ Keyword : malignancy, nutrition support, home exercise, psychological intervention, body composition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Patients with malignancy often have a poor prognosis and dismal quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate whether a combined nutrition, exercise, and psychological intervention could improve these outcomes. Methods and Study Design: In an open-label, randomized controlled trial at the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Oct 2021–Jun 2022), 90 patients were assigned (1:1) to a treatment group receiving 6-month cyclic combined assessments and interventions, or a control group receiving assessments only. Body composition, hand grip strength (HGS), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and quality of life were compared at baseline and 6 months. Data were analyzed using SPSS 2...

▪ Keyword : gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational weight gain, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, birth outcomes

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The gestational weight gain (GWG) range during mid-to-late pregnancy associated with the lowest combined risk of adverse birth outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains unclear. This study aims to examine the associations between GWG and adverse birth outcomes among women with GDM. Methods and Study Design: This study included a cohort of 1,673 pregnant women with GDM. GWG was defined as weight gain from pre-pregnancy to a measurement between 24 and 32 gestational weeks, residualized for gestational age and standardized as z-scores. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between GWG z-scores (per 1-SD increase and categories: <-1, -1 to 1 [reference], and >1) and small for gestational age (SGA), lar...