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▪ Keyword : chronic kidney disease, sarcopenia, myeloperoxidase, 3-chlorotyrosine, muscle strength

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to explore whether plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) and its active product, 3-chlorotyrosine (3-CT), as markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, have any independent pathophysiological association with sarcopenia-related parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods and Study Design: A total of 292 patients, including 147 on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and 145 non-dialyzed hospitalized patients with CKD stages 1-5, were enrolled from September 2022 to December 2023 and categorized into three groups: CKD stages 1-2, CKD stages 3-5 (non-dialysis), and CKD stage 5 (HD).

▪ Keyword : low carbohydrate diet, walnut, fat redistribution, visceral fat accumulation, central obesity

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether a walnut-based low carbohydrate diet (w-LCD) promotes fat redistribution and reduces visceral fat accumulation in people with central obesity (CO). Methods and Study Design: This study was a 12-week prospective randomized controlled trial. CO participants were recruited and assigned to the w-LCD group or high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet (HCD) group. According to "2021 Guidelines for Medical Nutrition Therapy of Overweight and Obesity", the HCD program was constructed; based on the HCD program, the w-LCD program was formed by replacing 150 grams/day of staple food with walnuts rich in healthy fat.

▪ Keyword : severe acute malnutrition, Indonesia, management, RUTF, guidelines

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Indonesia, a middle-income country with a large population of young children, is predicted to have a demographic bonus in 2045. However, to benefit from this bonus, the government must optimally manage the triple burden of malnutrition to prevent long-term effects that can significantly decrease quality of life. National data in 2023 showed an increased prevalence of acute malnutrition compared to previous years, a wake-up call for the government to address important contributing factors. This article aims to identify the current position of Indonesian guidelines on acute malnutrition (AM) and to provide recommendations. Methods and Study Design: A document analysis was conducted to examine the existing guidelines for the treatment of acute malnutrition in c...

▪ Keyword : dietary sugars, Japan, infant, caregivers, feeding behavior

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Optimizing sugar intake during early childhood is critical for preventing noncommunicable diseases. Although international guidelines recommend limiting free sugar intake, Japan is yet to consolidate data on free sugar intake among children under 2 years of age. This study examined free sugar intake, dietary sources, and associated factors among Japanese children aged 18–23 months. Methods and Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among children attending infant health checkups in Kama City, Japan. Caregivers recorded two non-weighed dietary records (one weekday and one Sunday). Free sugar intake, dietary sources, and related factors were analyzed.

▪ Keyword : geriatric nutritional assessment, bibliometrics, population aging, malnutrition, healthy aging

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Nutritional assessment is a crucial strategy for preventing and managing geriatric syndromes. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis to clarify the research trajectory and evolutionary trends in geriatric nutritional assessment, identify its core research characteristics and cutting-edge directions, and provide an academic reference for research and clinical practice. Methods and Study Design: A literature search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases on January 7, 2026, limited to English-language original research articles and reviews on geriatric nutritional assessment published between 2016 and 2025. 1725 documents from Web of Science Core Collection and 4458 from Scopus were finally included, and quantitatively an...

▪ Keyword : liver fibrosis, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, self-perception, dietary habits, weight management

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Lifestyle modification is the cornerstone of liver disease management; however, its success depends on accurate self-assessment. We investigated the clinical characteristics of individuals at risk of liver fibrosis and the discrepancy between their objective risk and self-perceived lifestyle habits in patients with steatotic liver disease (SLD). Methods and Study Design: This cross-sectional study included 167 participants diagnosed with SLD. Participants were categorized into a high-risk group (R group, n = 57) and a control group (C group, n = 110) based on the age-adjusted FIB-4 index cutoffs. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent factors, and self-perceived habits were compared to evaluate cognitive–clinical iscrepancies.

▪ Keyword : body mass index, insulin resistance, mediation analysis, percentage body cell mass, type 2 diabetes

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) stems from metabolic dysregulation, and body cell mass (BCM) comprises the principal physiological substrate of basal metabolic rate (BMR); however, the association between BCM and diabetes is still unclear. This study examined the relationship of percentage body cell mass (PBCM) with insulin resistance (IR) and T2D, and evaluated the mediators of this association. Methods and Study Design: This study utilized data from U.S. adults in the National Health and Nutrition Survey (1999–2004). Weighted multivariate regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analysis were employed to investigate the relationship of PBCM with T2D risk biomarkers, IR and T2D. The potential mediating role of body mass index ...