Volume 11 Supplement 4

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, poverty, women, Association of South-East Asian Nations, South-East Asian Ministers of Education Organization

▪ Content : The aim of the present paper is to understand the relationship between malnutrition and poverty, and how to generate ideas and concepts for developing studies leading to policy and programme implementation in the context of establishing collaborating networks among South-East Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) centres.

▪ Keyword : iodine, iron, Malaysia, programmes, retinol

▪ Content : Since attaining independence in 1957, Malaysia has achieved marked socio-economic development including advances made in the health care delivery system. Vital statistics over the decades showed much improvement in the health status of Malaysians in general.

▪ Keyword : community empowerment, human rights, nutrition indicators, nutrition intervention, programme evaluation

▪ Content : This brief keynote speech provides an annotated check list for topics to be covered during the meeting. The topics presented include specific indicators of nutrition, new regional information and communication technologies, empowerment of communities, effective nutrition and health interventions, advances in agricultural research, progress in food technology and the potential of biotechnology and genomics to benefit the region. Other issues to be considered are land decentralization, south-south and south-north cooperation, program monitoring and evaluation, human rights and ethics.

▪ Keyword : Food safety, intersectorial cooperation, nutritionist

▪ Content : The present paper describes the development of a food safety course that was initially given as part of the Master of Science programme in community nutrition at the South-East Asian Ministers of Education Organization, Tropical Medicine Regional Centre for Community Nutrition at the University of Indonesia. This course is an example of intersectorial collaboration between industry, government and academia. Several years later the course was rolled out to other countries.

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, NPAN, poverty, Vietnam

▪ Content : During the 1980s and early 1990s, Vietnam was classified among the group of poor countries in the world, having a relatively high rate of poverty households. Compared to other developing countries, undernutrition among Vietnamese children is still a serious public health problem.

▪ Keyword : alleviation, food, nutrition, Philippines, poverty, security

▪ Content : Poverty, food and nutrition insecurity remain as critical problems in the Philippines. The average Filipino in 1997 needed an annual income of at least P7710 to meet food requirements or P11 319 to meet both food and non-food requirements. Approximately 4 511 000 families (31.8%) are poor and most of these are in the rural areas. Economic growth in the country has been characterized as a ‘boom and bust’ cycle with growth derailed by a combination of natural calamities, adverse domestic political factors, energy shortages, and external shocks such as the Asian currency crisis.

▪ Keyword : food security, Indonesia, poverty alleviation, stunting

▪ Content : Poverty alleviation and food and nutrition security remain one of the priority areas of development policies for the German government. Poverty exists when individuals or groups are not able to satisfy their basic needs adequately. Poverty consists of at least three dimensions: (i) the availability of essential resources for basic needs; (ii) financial and other means of poor individuals and groups; and (iii) the physical, intellectual, social, and cultural status and position of poor individuals and groups.

▪ Keyword : Ageing, ethnography, Indonesia, SCOR technique, sociocultural

▪ Content : In the year 2020, the life expectancy in Indonesia will be 71.7 years and the proportion of older people will be between 10 and 11% or 30 million persons. Presently, older men are mostly married, while older women are mostly divorced.

▪ Keyword : dietary habits, elderly, healthy ageing, Indonesia, nutrition

▪ Content : Based on community surveys of the elderly of their nutritional habits in big cities throughout Indonesia and in urban and rural areas, the following observations are reported: (i) the elderly tend to reduce their food intake by themselves, in calories, carbohydrate, fat, protein content (15–30% less); (ii) they even reduce their traditional fatty food by themselves in spite of their already low fat intake daily (30–40% less); (iii) they very seldom eat snacks between meals (6.7–25.5%) of the respondents only; (iv) they tend to eat (very seldom – never) new ‘trendy foods’ (78–95%) such as hamburger, pizza, fried chicken etc., which are available in big cities;

▪ Keyword : iodine, iron, multimicronutrient, vitamin A, zinc

▪ Content : Micronutrient deficiency is still a major problem in many developing countries and multiple micronutrient deficiencies often occur concomitantly. Micronutrient supplementation may be the preferred option because it is cost-effective. Supplementation with iodized peanut oil was more efficacious and gave a longer protection period in preventing iodine deficiency than did iodized poppy seed oil.

▪ Keyword : Indonesia, micronutrient deficiencies, policies

▪ Content : The Declaration of the Alma-Ata Conference on Primary Health Care in 1978 states that ‘health, which is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, is a fundamental human right and … the attainment of the highest possible level of health is a most important world-wide social goal’

▪ Keyword : Alleviation, micronutrient deficiency, Philippines

▪ Content : Results of the 1998 Fifth National Nutrition Survey (NNS) of the Food and Nutrition Research Institute of the Department of Science and Technology (FNRI-DOST) revealed that the country has persisting micronutrient deficiencies of vitamin A, iron and iodine along with protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) and an increasing number of cases of android obesity. An interplay of various physiological, socioeconomic and political factors performs a role in the nutrition situation of the country.