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▪ Keyword : Efficacy and safety of ketogenic diets with varying energy untake strategies on metabolic outcomes and clinical safety: A narrative review

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Ketogenic diets are often viewed as metabolically risky, but this may reflect failure to distinguish different energy-intake strategies. We examined whether outcomes differ among hypocaloric, isocaloric, and ad libitum prescriptions and which measures best limit adverse effects. Methods and Study Design: PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched through August 2026. After excluding animal, outcome-free, and duplicate reports, 139 human studies (carbohydrate ≤49 g/day or ≤10% energy; ≥2 weeks) were grouped as hypocaloric (n = 46), isocaloric (n = 54), or ad libitum (n = 39) and synthesized in accordance with the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles.

▪ Keyword : carbohydrates, sodium, fluid retention, dehydration, rehydration strategy

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study evaluated the efficacy of electrolyte-containing beverages (EB) and demineralized water (DW) in maintaining and restoring hydration status and electrolyte balance in healthy adults experiencing fasting-induced dehydration. Methods and Study Design: A randomized, crossover design was applied in 12 healthy men (age, 23.2±1.1 years; body mass index, 21.9±2.0 kg/m2). Participants performed 12 hours of fasting and 2 hours of fast-breaking during rainy season. Before fasting and during fast-breaking stages, participants consumed 500 mL of DW or EB with additional 100 mL of DW each. EB contained 21 mEq/L sodium and 6% total carbohydrates, while DW contained neither. Hydration status was assessed using body mass, blood, and urine parameters.

▪ Keyword : narrative nutrition, dietary behavior, clinical practice, cultural context, narrative medicine

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Clinical nutrition has traditionally relied on a biomedical paradigm that prioritizes nutrient metabolism and quantitative standardization. However, this approach often overlooks the psychological motivations, cultural memories, and social contexts driving dietary behaviors. This study introduces the concept of Narrative Nutrition, and an interdisciplinary framework that integrates narrative medicine with nutrition science to better understand multidimensional dietary behaviors. Methods and Study Design: We proposed a multidisciplinary framework integrating narrative medicine, anthropology, and psychology.

▪ Keyword : diabetic sarcopenia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, anabolic resistance, inter-organ crosstalk, metabolic permissiveness

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Sarcopenia is a frequent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, yet a paradox remains unexplained: increasing protein or amino acid supply has repeatedly failed in diabetes whereas exercise and glycemic control succeed. This narrative review addresses that gap by proposing that impaired metabolic permissiveness arises from maladaptive nutrient partitioning across muscle, liver, and adipose tissue, with anabolic resistance representing its muscle-level functional manifestation. Methods and Study Design: Evidence identified through a structured search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to August 2026, supplemented by reference-list hand-searching, was synthesized thematically around a proposed framework of compromised metabolic per...

▪ Keyword : gestational weight gain, mobile health (mHealth), medical nutrition therapy, dietary intake, physical activity

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Appropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) is vital for maternal and fetal health, with both inadequate and excessive GWG posing risks. This study evaluated the effectiveness of mHealth intervention, alone or with personalised medical nutrition therapy (MNT) using Theory of Planned Behaviour-based (TPB), in improving GWG, dietary intake, and physical activity among pregnant women in Malaysia. Methods and Study Design: This 6-month cluster randomized controlled trial involved 290 pregnant women assigned to control (standard care), mHealth alone, or mHealth combined with personalised MNT incorporating TPB dietitian consultation.