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▪ Keyword : elderly patients, chronic heart failure, nutritional status, sarcopenia, body composition analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are at high risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia. Therefore, nutritional screening, assessment, diagnosis, and management are particularly crucial for elderly CHF patients. Our study aims to investigate the nutritional status and the incidence characteristics and influencing factors of sarcopenia in elderly CHF patients. Methods and Study Design: A total of 122 elderly CHF patients admitted to The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled. Within 24 hours after admission, demographic data, body composition analysis, nutritional status assessments, and laboratory parameter testing were conducted for all participants. Patients were divided into sarcopenia and non-sa...

▪ Keyword : weight management, overweight, obesity, adolescent, multicomponent lifestyle intervention

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The prevalence of overweight or obesity in adolescents is steadily increasing in most countries around the world. Adolescent obesity increases the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, and is associated with negative health consequences, increasing the burden on health services. Methods and Study Design: Literature searching was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords “overweight”, “obesity”, “adolescent”, “weight management”, “dietary management” and “nutritional intervention” combined with Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”.

▪ Keyword : online survey, diet quality, validity, reliability, dietary assessment

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Malaysian Healthy Diet Online Survey (MHDOS) is an online survey designed to measure diet quality of Malaysian adults. This study aimed to assess the relative validity and test-retest reliability of the MHDOS. Methods and Study Design: This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2022 among 218 Malaysian adults. Participants completed the MHDOS, underwent an interview-administered 24-hour diet recall (24DR), and repeated the MHDOS within two weeks. Relative validity was assessed by correlating food group servings from the MHDOS and 24DR using Spearman's correlation coefficients. Construct validity was evaluated by comparing Diet Score tertiles with food group servings, energy, and nutrient intakes from the 24DR.

▪ Keyword : reflection spectroscopy, Veggie Meter, vegetable consumption, potassium, children

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Optically-assessed skin carotenoid status offers an objective measure of vegetable and fruit intake. Data from the Sodium and Potassium Intake (SNaK+) study was used to explore associations of carotenoid reflection scores with body size, annual household income, vegetable and fruit intake and potassium intake, and the relationship between carotenoid reflection score and 24-hour urinary potassium in children. Methods and Study Design: Seventy-five children (29 girls, 37 boys; 9 not stated) aged 8 to 13 years from five New Zealand primary schools were supported by the parents/caregivers to complete validated questions about their frequency of vegetable and fruit intake.

▪ Keyword : low-FODMAP diet, symptom, relief, irritable bowel syndrome, nutrients

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) stands as a prevalent functional gastrointestinal condition known for causing persistent abdominal pain, changes in bowel patterns, and diminished quality of life. The low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet has emerged as a potential approach to managing IBS through dietary adjustments. To explore how the low FODMAP diet affects symptom relief, nutritional well-being, and overall quality of life in IBS patients when compared to those adhering to a standard diet. Methods and Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including patients with IBS categorized into a regular diet group and a low FODMAP diet group. Dietary intake, daily nutrient intake, IBS symptom s...

▪ Keyword : energy expenditure, prediction equations, overweight and obese, women, fertility problems

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study compared the accuracy of current energy formulas in predicting resting energy expenditure (REE) in overweight and obese women with fertility problems. Methods and Study Design: This study evaluated REE prediction formulas in 82 overweight/obese women (18-49 years) with fertility problems. REE is accurately measured using indirect calorimetry, which is considered the gold standard for evaluating energy. Anthropometric data, including height, weight, and waist circumference. Body composition analysis was performed using bioelectrical impedance analysis to determine fat-free mass and other related indicators.

▪ Keyword : metabolic syndrome, dietary intervention, canteen, randomized controlled trial, occupational men

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Dietary intervention is an important strategy for the treatment and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a canteen-based dietary intervention on MetS in occupational men. Methods and Study Design: A randomized controlled study was conducted in May 2022. A total of 321 men with MetS aged 25 to 59 years were recruited from Shengli Oilfield. Participants in one canteen were randomly allocated to dietary intervention group (IG) and those in the other canteen as control group (CG). CG received health education for 6 months. IG received a 6-month healthy lunch and personalized dietary advice added health education. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profiles, waist circumference (WC) and b...

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, nutritional risk screening, nutritional assessment, nutrition diagnosis, clinical guidelines

▪ Content : Malnutrition is a crucial factor affecting the prognosis of various diseases, especially among elderly, surgical and critically ill patients. With the implementation of Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) and Diagnosis-Intervention Packet (DIP) in China, accurate diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition is essential for enhancing clinical decision-making and patient prognosis. These guidelines were developed by multidisciplinary experts through a systematic review of evidence-based medical literature. They adopt the new international standard for malnutrition diagnosis from the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) proposed by the Global Nutrition Organization and categorize evidence levels, providing recommendations tailored to the Chinese population’s data and characterist...

▪ Keyword : stability tests, parenteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition solutions, all-in-one solutions, lipid emulsions

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Parenteral nutrition (PN) provides nutrition intravenously, often as two-in-one (TIO) or all-in-one (AIO) solutions. These solutions are complex, containing around 50 chemical components, which can affect the admixture stability. While there is substantial data on stability tests for PN solutions, the methodologies and acceptance criteria are not well-defined in current literature. This scoping review aimed to identify and summarise the current tests and methods used to assess the stability of AIO solutions in hospital settings. Methods and Study Design: Comprehensive searches on stability tests and parenteral nutrition were conducted in Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, and Scopus on 11 January 2024, updated on 4 April 2025.

▪ Keyword : hyperuricemia, dietary fiber, cereals dietary fiber, children, consumption

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The increasing prevalence of hyperuricemia in children is a global health concern. Plant dietary fiber may influence uric acid levels by improving gut health and lowering blood glucose and lipid levels. This study aims to examine the relationship between plant-based dietary fiber intake and hyperuricemia risk in Chinese children aged 6-17 years. Methods and Study Design: This study analyzed dietary fiber intake data from 11,423 children (aged 6-17 years) from the China Children and Lactating Women Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CCLWNHS) conducted between 2016 and 2019. Plant dietary fiber intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire.

▪ Keyword : obesity, women, infertility, pregnancy, nutritional status

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Overweight and obesity represent critical public health challenges, impacting over one-third of the global population. This issue is particularly pressing for women of reproductive age, who are more vulnerable to weight gain. Addressing this connection is vital for promoting overall reproductive health and ensuring the well-being of future generations. This systematic review evaluates the critical relationship between preconception dietary interventions and weight loss, along with their impacts on the nutritional status and fertility of women with obesity. Methods and Study Design: : Our research draws from various literature sources, including CINAHL Plus (EBSCO), Medline, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and the Web of Science Core Collection, coverin...

▪ Keyword : antioxidant, metabolic unhealthy normal weight, nutrition, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, cardiometabolic mortality

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Caloric restriction is the most popular dietary intervention for preventing metabolic disorders; however, its benefits are limited in normal-weight individuals. This study aimed to examine the association between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), as well as the relationship between CDAI and cardiometabolic mortality among normal-weight individuals, in order to provide personalized dietary recommendations. Methods and Study Design: This study consisted of two parts: (1) a cross-sectional analysis exploring the association between CADI and MUNW; and (2) a prospective cohort analysis assessing CDAI in relation to cardiometabolic mortality. Adult participants with normal weight from the National Health a...

▪ Keyword : dietary habits, multiple sclerosis, Mendelian randomization, genome-wide association studies, inverse variance weighted

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: According to observational studies, dietary habits may influence the occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS). There are, however, only a few Mendelian randomization (MR) studies on both. Methods and Study Design: This two-sample MR study’s objective was to examine possible causal associations between the twenty-one dietary practices and MS. For this investigation, we employed MR analysis utilizing generally accessible statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to examine causal connections between dietary habits and MS susceptibility among persons of European descent.

▪ Keyword : national policies, wasting, children, Bangladesh

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: A balanced diet is critical for health, enhancing immune function and reducing disease risk. Bangladesh's National Nutrition Policy (NNP) focuses on achieving optimal nutrition through secure access to nutritious food across life stages, emphasizing marginalized groups such as mothers, adolescents, and children. Earlier efforts, like the Nutrition Action Plan (1997-2010), addressed maternal and child nutrition but lacked multi-sectoral integration. The revised NNP (2015) employs a collaborative approach, promoting dietary diversity and high-quality food intake. Policies such as the Food Policy Plan of Action (2008-2015) and the Bangladesh National Food and Nutrition Security Policy (2021-2030) further support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Methods and...

▪ Keyword : highland barley, multigrain rice, glycemic index, postprandial glucose, appetite

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Consuming refined white rice, a staple food in most Asian countries, reportedly causes postprandial hyperglycemia and facilitates the development of diabetes. However, cereal grains with low glycemic indices may reduce the postprandial glycemic response. We developed a highland barley-multigrain rice by combining traditional Chinese grains including, highland barley, brown rice, oats, corn grit, and buckwheat. This study aimed to evaluate the glycemic impact, sensory attributes, and appetite response of our highland barley-multigrain rice compared to white rice. Methods and Study Design: In this randomized crossover trial, ten healthy participants consumed highland barley-multigrain rice, white rice, and glucose, each containing 50 g of available carbohydrat...

▪ Keyword : iron, zinc, preterm, interaction, pregnancy

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary iron and zinc intake on the risk of preterm labor before and during different trimesters, and to assess whether there is an interaction between iron and zinc intake and the risk of preterm labor. Methods and Study Design: The study was a nested case-control study of 880 cases and 8017 controls in Lanzhou City, northwest China. Unconditional logistic regression was used to determine the association between dietary iron/zinc intake and the risk of preterm labor and its clinical subtypes. Multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline (RCS) modeling was used to explore the non-linear relationship between dietary iron/zinc intake levels and the risk of preterm birth.

▪ Keyword : cognitive decline, dietary pattern, dementia, principal component analysis, aging

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older adults with lower educational backgrounds living in China. Methods and Study Design: We analyzed data from the 2018 Health Survey of individuals aged over 50 in Chengyang, Qingdao, China. Questionnaires were used to collect information on the behaviors and lifestyles of the elderly. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was administered to evaluate cognition, with a total score of less than 19 indicating cognitive impairment for participants with low educational attainment. Using Principal Component Analysis, we identified three dietary patterns: Shellfish, Fruit, and Red Meat. Cross-sectional data regarding dietary intake, cognition, and demographic...

▪ Keyword : dietary factors, telomere length, Mendelian randomization, causal relationship, healthy diet reference

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Healthy diets is crucial in disease prevention and balanced diets slow telomere shortening. Currently, it is still unclear which dietary factors are causally related to telomere length. Methods and Study Design: The inverse variance weighted, Mendelian Randomization-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods were used. Additionally, heterogeneity, pleiotropy, MR-PRESSO and leave-one-out tests were conducted to ensure accuracy. Outcomes included granulocyte, lymphocyte, naive T-cell, memory T-cell, B-cell, and natural killer-cell telomere lengths. Exposures included alcohol intake frequency, alcoholic drinks per week, average weekly beer plus cider intake, average weekly red wine intake, intake of beef, bread, cereal, coffee, cooked veget...

▪ Keyword : developmental disabilities, feeding problems, STEP, psychometric properties, children

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Children with developmental disabilities commonly experience feeding problems; however, tools to assess the nature and extent of these difficulties are not available in Arabic. This study aims to validate the Arabic version of the Screening Tool for Feeding Problems and evaluate its factorial structure in children with developmental disabilities. Methods and Study Design: This cross-sectional study involved 167 children with developmental disabilities, recruited from nine disability centers and schools in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

▪ Keyword : COPD, micronutrients, vitamins, vitamin D, vitamin deficiency

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by malnutrition, a catabolic process, and chronic inflammation; thus, vitamin deficiency may occur frequently. We aimed to evaluate the levels of micronutrients in stable COPD patients. Methods and Study Design: There were 168 COPD patients from six pulmonology departments, with 36 healthy controls. The patients also performed pulmonary function tests and filled out the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Serum vitamin B-12 and folate levels were measured using the chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) method.

▪ Keyword : Chinese Healthy Eating Index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dietary quality, FFQ, Disease severity

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Dietary nutrition plays an essential role in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to use Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) to evaluate dietary quality in COPD patients and investigate the relationship between dietary quality and COPD disease severity. Methods and Study Design: A total of 525 COPD inpatients were collected from December 1st, 2022, to December 1st, 2023. The dietary intake was collected through food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), and diet quality was assessed by the CHEI.

▪ Keyword : dyslipidemia, dietary inflammatory index, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The presence and accumulation of inflammation may exacerbate the development of dyslipidemia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between blood inflammatory markers and the dietary inflammatory index (DII) in American adults as well as their association with dyslipidemia. Methods and Study Design: This cross-sectional study included participants with complete data on lipid levels, dietary intake, and blood inflammatory markers. The associations between dyslipidemia and two sets of exposures—blood inflammatory markers and the DII—were analysed using weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

▪ Keyword : vitamin D, urticaria, mendelian randomization, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to urticaria, but causality remains uncertain. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate potential causal effects of vitamin D and its metabolites on urticaria risk. Methods and Study Design: Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] (n=120,618), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] (n=40,562), and C3-epimer-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [C3-epi-25(OH)D3] (n=40,562) in Europeans were used, along with data on urticaria and its subtypes from FinnGen consortium (R10 release).

▪ Keyword : antioxidants, Asian traditional nutraceutical, gene expression, oxidative stress, type 2 diabetes mellitus

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a significant global public health concern. Multiple studies have shown that traditional nutraceuticals are potential to treat T2DM and its complications. This review will explore traditional nutraceuticals with antidiabetic properties with a focus on Asian traditional nutraceuticals and their antioxidant effects on gene expression associated to T2DM. Methods and Study Design: Literature searching was conducted in Pubmed, Scopus, and Science Direct using the keywords “nutraceutical”, “antidiabetic”, "insulin resistance", "Diabetes Mellitus", "herbal medicine", “mechanism”, “pathway”, "traditional food", "functional food", “antioxidant”, “clinical”, “preclinical”, "animal studies", and “Asian” com...

▪ Keyword : stunting, fortified tempeh, pregnancy, maternal nutrition, local nutrition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Stunting is a global health challenge, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, where its prevalence reached 21.6% in 2022. This condition stems from malnutrition, recurrent infections, and inadequate care during the first 1,000 days of life. Maternal nutrition is critical for fetal growth, as deficiencies can lead to low birth weight and short birth length, increasing the risk of stunting. This study evaluates the potential of fortified tempeh as a nutritional intervention to improve birth outcomes. Methods and Study Design: A quasi-experimental study with a quantitative approach was conducted to compare the effects of regular and fortified tempeh on BW and BL among pregnant women in Kuningan Regency. Participants were divided into two groups: one...

▪ Keyword : type 2 diabetes, glycemic variability, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, Fenuflakes

▪ Content : ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Evidence suggests that bioactive components present in plant foods have beneficial effects. Fenugreek is commonly used in Indian culinary practices and can help to keep blood sugar levels under control. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of defatted fenugreek seed flakes FenuflakesTM on the 24-hour glycaemic response (Incremental Area Under the Curve, iAUC), variability (Mean Amplitude of Glycaemic Excursion assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring system) in participants with type 2 diabetes. Methods and Study Design: Twenty-one type 2 diabetes participants, aged 42 to 50 years, were provided with 5-day cyclic iso-caloric diets for 14 days without (control diet) and with 30 g of FenuflakesTM (test diet) in a randomized crosso...