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1

Exploring causal correlations between oily fish intake and multiple sclerosis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Author : S Chang, K Shi, M Zhang
Keyword : dietary habits, multiple sclerosis, Mendelian randomization, genome-wide association studies, inverse variance weighted
Content : Background and Objectives: According to observational studies, dietary habits may influence the occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS). There are, however, only a few Mendelian randomization (MR) studies on both. Methods and Study Design: This two-sample MR study’s objective was to examine possible causal associations between the twenty-one dietary practices and MS. For this investigation, we employed MR analysis utilizing generally accessible statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to examine causal connections between dietary habits and MS susceptibility among persons of European descent.
2

Review of national policies and programs targeting improvement of wasting among under-five years old children in Bangladesh

Author : S Huq,NN Naila,A Alam,G Karmakar, MI Hossain, MM Islam et al.
Keyword : national policies, wasting, children, Bangladesh
Content : Background and Objectives: A balanced diet is critical for health, enhancing immune function and reducing disease risk. Bangladesh's National Nutrition Policy (NNP) focuses on achieving optimal nutrition through secure access to nutritious food across life stages, emphasizing marginalized groups such as mothers, adolescents, and children. Earlier efforts, like the Nutrition Action Plan (1997-2010), addressed maternal and child nutrition but lacked multi-sectoral integration. The revised NNP (2015) employs a collaborative approach, promoting dietary diversity and high-quality food intake. Policies such as the Food Policy Plan of Action (2008-2015) and the Bangladesh National Food and Nutrition Security Policy (2021-2030) further support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Methods and...
3

Postprandial glycemic response, sensory, and appetite evaluation of highland barley-multigrain rice versus white rice in healthy Chinese adults: a randomized crossover study

Author : Z Chu, H Ran, H Zhang, Q Su
Keyword : highland barley, multigrain rice, glycemic index, postprandial glucose, appetite
Content : Background and Objectives: Consuming refined white rice, a staple food in most Asian countries, reportedly causes postprandial hyperglycemia and facilitates the development of diabetes. However, cereal grains with low glycemic indices may reduce the postprandial glycemic response. We developed a highland barley-multigrain rice by combining traditional Chinese grains including, highland barley, brown rice, oats, corn grit, and buckwheat. This study aimed to evaluate the glycemic impact, sensory attributes, and appetite response of our highland barley-multigrain rice compared to white rice. Methods and Study Design: In this randomized crossover trial, ten healthy participants consumed highland barley-multigrain rice, white rice, and glucose, each containing 50 g of available carbohydrat...
4

Association between maternal iron/zinc and risk of preterm labor: A nested case-control study based on the Lanzhou Birth Cohort Study (BBCS) in China

Author : S Ding, Y Li, J Wang, L Cao, Z Wang, L Yang, B Mao
Keyword : iron, zinc, preterm, interaction, pregnancy
Content : Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary iron and zinc intake on the risk of preterm labor before and during different trimesters, and to assess whether there is an interaction between iron and zinc intake and the risk of preterm labor. Methods and Study Design: The study was a nested case-control study of 880 cases and 8017 controls in Lanzhou City, northwest China. Unconditional logistic regression was used to determine the association between dietary iron/zinc intake and the risk of preterm labor and its clinical subtypes. Multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline (RCS) modeling was used to explore the non-linear relationship between dietary iron/zinc intake levels and the risk of preterm birth.
5

Shellfish-based dietary patterns and cognition in the Chinese senior population: A cross-sectional study in Qingdao, China

Author : J Zhang, X Li, T Zhou, Z Lu, J Xu, H Duan
Keyword : cognitive decline, dietary pattern, dementia, principal component analysis, aging
Content : Background and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older adults with lower educational backgrounds living in China. Methods and Study Design: We analyzed data from the 2018 Health Survey of individuals aged over 50 in Chengyang, Qingdao, China. Questionnaires were used to collect information on the behaviors and lifestyles of the elderly. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was administered to evaluate cognition, with a total score of less than 19 indicating cognitive impairment for participants with low educational attainment. Using Principal Component Analysis, we identified three dietary patterns: Shellfish, Fruit, and Red Meat. Cross-sectional data regarding dietary intake, cognition, and demographic...
6

Causal association of dietary intake habits and telomere lengths: A Mendelian randomization study

Author : J Chen, Z Liu, Y Nan, H Liu, Z Ren, J Liu, D Liu and R Qi
Keyword : dietary factors, telomere length, Mendelian randomization, causal relationship, healthy diet reference
Content : Background and Objectives: Healthy diets is crucial in disease prevention and balanced diets slow telomere shortening. Currently, it is still unclear which dietary factors are causally related to telomere length. Methods and Study Design: The inverse variance weighted, Mendelian Randomization-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods were used. Additionally, heterogeneity, pleiotropy, MR-PRESSO and leave-one-out tests were conducted to ensure accuracy. Outcomes included granulocyte, lymphocyte, naive T-cell, memory T-cell, B-cell, and natural killer-cell telomere lengths. Exposures included alcohol intake frequency, alcoholic drinks per week, average weekly beer plus cider intake, average weekly red wine intake, intake of beef, bread, cereal, coffee, cooked veget...
7

Psychometric evaluation of the screening tool for feeding problems (STEP) in Saudi children with developmental disabilities aged 4-18 years

Author : WA Mumena, EO Hamad and HA Kutbi
Keyword : developmental disabilities, feeding problems, STEP, psychometric properties, children
Content : Background and Objectives: Children with developmental disabilities commonly experience feeding problems; however, tools to assess the nature and extent of these difficulties are not available in Arabic. This study aims to validate the Arabic version of the Screening Tool for Feeding Problems and evaluate its factorial structure in children with developmental disabilities. Methods and Study Design: This cross-sectional study involved 167 children with developmental disabilities, recruited from nine disability centers and schools in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
8

Evaluation of micronutrients in stable COPD patients

Author : T Onur, S Nurhan, T Pakize Ayse, Ö Özer, F Nevin, K Mehmet, Ö Hayat, M Arzu
Keyword : COPD, micronutrients, vitamins, vitamin D, vitamin deficiency
Content : Background and Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by malnutrition, a catabolic process, and chronic inflammation; thus, vitamin deficiency may occur frequently. We aimed to evaluate the levels of micronutrients in stable COPD patients. Methods and Study Design: There were 168 COPD patients from six pulmonology departments, with 36 healthy controls. The patients also performed pulmonary function tests and filled out the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Serum vitamin B-12 and folate levels were measured using the chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) method.
9

Low dietary quality in patients with COPD and the association with disease severity: a cross-sectional study

Author : M Li, Y Sun, L Li, L Zhao, Q Li, X Zhang, Y Yang, A Ma and J Cai
Keyword : Chinese Healthy Eating Index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dietary quality, FFQ, Disease severity
Content : Background and Objectives: Dietary nutrition plays an essential role in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to use Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) to evaluate dietary quality in COPD patients and investigate the relationship between dietary quality and COPD disease severity. Methods and Study Design: A total of 525 COPD inpatients were collected from December 1st, 2022, to December 1st, 2023. The dietary intake was collected through food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), and diet quality was assessed by the CHEI.
10

Dietary inflammatory index and blood inflammatory markers in relation to dyslipidemia: A cross-sectional study in American adults NHANES 2009-2018

Author : C Hu, Y Huo, W Xu, M Li, L Li, Y Sun, L Liu and J Cai
Keyword : dyslipidemia, dietary inflammatory index, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Content : Background and Objectives: The presence and accumulation of inflammation may exacerbate the development of dyslipidemia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between blood inflammatory markers and the dietary inflammatory index (DII) in American adults as well as their association with dyslipidemia. Methods and Study Design: This cross-sectional study included participants with complete data on lipid levels, dietary intake, and blood inflammatory markers. The associations between dyslipidemia and two sets of exposures—blood inflammatory markers and the DII—were analysed using weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.
11

Circulating vitamin D concentrations and the risk of urticaria: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Author : H-X Chai, F Wang, H Liu, Y-Q Xie and Z-H Zhou
Keyword : vitamin D, urticaria, mendelian randomization, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3
Content : Background and Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to urticaria, but causality remains uncertain. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate potential causal effects of vitamin D and its metabolites on urticaria risk. Methods and Study Design: Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] (n=120,618), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] (n=40,562), and C3-epimer-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [C3-epi-25(OH)D3] (n=40,562) in Europeans were used, along with data on urticaria and its subtypes from FinnGen consortium (R10 release).
12

Modulation of gene expression by Asian antidiabetic traditional nutraceuticals: A review of potential effect

Author : K Roosita, KR Ekawidyani, R Kushargina, Fathimah, M Rafi and U Saepuloh
Keyword : antioxidants, Asian traditional nutraceutical, gene expression, oxidative stress, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Content : Background and Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a significant global public health concern. Multiple studies have shown that traditional nutraceuticals are potential to treat T2DM and its complications. This review will explore traditional nutraceuticals with antidiabetic properties with a focus on Asian traditional nutraceuticals and their antioxidant effects on gene expression associated to T2DM. Methods and Study Design: Literature searching was conducted in Pubmed, Scopus, and Science Direct using the keywords “nutraceutical”, “antidiabetic”, "insulin resistance", "Diabetes Mellitus", "herbal medicine", “mechanism”, “pathway”, "traditional food", "functional food", “antioxidant”, “clinical”, “preclinical”, "animal studies", and “Asian” com...
13

A quasi-experimental study on fortified tempeh: A nutritional intervention for fetal growth in Indonesia

Author : R Nurlia, A Syam, A Zulkifli, A Dirpan, S Sumarmi, H Naping, B Balqis, A Salam
Keyword : stunting, fortified tempeh, pregnancy, maternal nutrition, local nutrition
Content : Background and Objectives: Stunting is a global health challenge, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, where its prevalence reached 21.6% in 2022. This condition stems from malnutrition, recurrent infections, and inadequate care during the first 1,000 days of life. Maternal nutrition is critical for fetal growth, as deficiencies can lead to low birth weight and short birth length, increasing the risk of stunting. This study evaluates the potential of fortified tempeh as a nutritional intervention to improve birth outcomes. Methods and Study Design: A quasi-experimental study with a quantitative approach was conducted to compare the effects of regular and fortified tempeh on BW and BL among pregnant women in Kuningan Regency. Participants were divided into two groups: one...
14

Effect of ‘FenuflakesTM’ on 24-hour glycemic variability in adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized crossover continuous glucose monitoring study

Author : P Deshpande, CA Gokhale, SB Gayathri, K Abirami, RM Anjana, K Krishnaswamy, V Mohan, V Sudha
Keyword : type 2 diabetes, glycemic variability, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, Fenuflakes
Content : ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Evidence suggests that bioactive components present in plant foods have beneficial effects. Fenugreek is commonly used in Indian culinary practices and can help to keep blood sugar levels under control. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of defatted fenugreek seed flakes FenuflakesTM on the 24-hour glycaemic response (Incremental Area Under the Curve, iAUC), variability (Mean Amplitude of Glycaemic Excursion assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring system) in participants with type 2 diabetes. Methods and Study Design: Twenty-one type 2 diabetes participants, aged 42 to 50 years, were provided with 5-day cyclic iso-caloric diets for 14 days without (control diet) and with 30 g of FenuflakesTM (test diet) in a randomized crosso...
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