Volume 12 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : elderly, Korean, review, nutritional status, dietary intake, anthropometry

▪ Content : The health status of elderly people is an important issue in Korea due to the expansion of the elderly population. However, data on their nutritional status are limited. This review aims to give an overview of the dietary intake and anthropometry of Korean elderly people based on studies published, mainly in local journals in Korea.

▪ Keyword : antioxidant vegetables, shoots, paku shoot Diplazium esculentum, tapioca Manihot utillissima, cekur manis Sauropous androgynus

▪ Content : Antioxidants play an important role in inhibiting and scavenging radicals, thus providing protection to humans against infections and degenerative diseases. Literature shows that the antioxidant activity is high on herbal and vegetable plants.

▪ Keyword : beliefs, vegetarian, plant-based diets, meat, health, survey

▪ Content : The aim of this paper is to examine the factors associated with the belief that vegetarian diets provide health benefits. A random population mail survey about food choice was conducted among a sample of 1000 South Australians.

▪ Keyword : food diversity, biodiversity, regions, nutrition, health, water, community

▪ Content : Regions are significant for the way we understand and strategize food for health and economic development. They generally represent various food cultures and opportunities for food exchange based on proximity, historical linkages and complementarities.

▪ Keyword : food, fatty fruit, palm fruit, food supply, energy intake

▪ Content : Among the countries that can be classified as Near East Africa, North West Africa, and Western Africa, there is a great diversity of foods and dietary patterns. Prevalence of undernourishment as defined by FAO using dietary energy supply data, varies dramatically among these countries, with Tunisia in the lowest prevalence category (<2.5%), and Sierra Leone in the highest prevalence category (>35%).

▪ Keyword : Africa, Caribbean, Africa-American, diet, long-term health, chronic diseases

▪ Content : The life-stage approach, which views the behaviours and exposures of an individual from the preconceptual situation of the parent through pregnancy, infancy, childhood and adolescence, and into the advancing years through adulthood, is the basis of analysis of strategies to improve long-term health.

▪ Keyword : food habits, familiar food, dietary energy supply, meal frequency, traditional diets

▪ Content : Food is fundamental to human survival, in more than just one way. First, food is basic for averting hunger and maintaining health for every human being. Secondly, food satisfies our palate and makes us happy and emotionally and socially content. Third, food constitutes a form of cultural expression.

▪ Keyword : Middle East, food security, nutrition transition, health, Middle East

▪ Content : Nutritionally-related health patterns in the Middle East have changed significantly during the last two decades. The main forces that have contributed to these changes are the rapid changes in the demographic characteristics of the region, speedy urbanization, and social development in the absence of steady and significant economic growth.

▪ Keyword : indigenous peoples, tribal peoples, ethnic minorities, indigenous food, Northwest Africa

▪ Content : This paper describes cultural and ecological characteristics of Northwest African and Middle Eastern food patterns and discusses the forces contributing to rapid dietary change. Focus is given to indigenous/ tribal/ ethnic/ minorities in these areas with contributions to definitions of these groups, the extent of their diversity, and the importance of their traditional knowledge of local food resources.

▪ Keyword : palm fruit, oil palm, palm kernel, vitamin A, traditional food culture

▪ Content : The centre of origin of the oil palm is the tropical rain forest region of West Africa. It is considered to be the 200- 300 kilometre wide coastal belt between Liberia and Mayumbe. The oil palm tree has remained the ‘tree of life’ of Yoruba land as well as of other parts of southern West Africa to which it is indigenous.

▪ Keyword : palm oil, fatty acids, cardiovascular disease, cancer, vitamin E, carotenoids

▪ Content : The palm fruit (Elaies guineensis) yields palm oil, a palmitic-oleic rich semi solid fat and the fat-soluble minor components, vitamin E (tocopherols, tocotrienols), carotenoids and phytosterols. A recent innovation has led to the recovery and concentration of water-soluble antioxidants from palm oil milling waste, characterized by its high content of phenolic acids and flavonoids.

▪ Keyword : food frequency questionnaire, FFQ, dietary intake methodology, dietary assessment, dietary records

▪ Content : We describe the development of a data-based food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to determine the relationship between dietary intakes and diseases among Koreans. A total of 224 individuals were recruited to participate in a three-day dietary record survey. In all, 596 food items were consumed.

▪ Keyword : palm fruit, phytonutrient, antioxidant, polyphenol, flavonoid, cardiovascular disease, cancer

▪ Content : The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is native to many West African countries, where local populations have used its oil for culinary and other purposes. Large-scale plantations, established principally in tropical regions (Asia, Africa and Latin America), are mostly aimed at the production of oil, which is extracted from the fleshy mesocarp of the palm fruit, and endosperm or kernel oil.

▪ Keyword : red palm oil, vitamin A deficiency, fortification, developing countries, food-based approaches

▪ Content : There is general consensus that food-based approaches are viable and sustainable options for addressing vitamin A deficiency in populations. One such example is the fortification of food which, if properly monitored, could make a significant contribution towards improving the vitamin A status of populations throughout the world.

▪ Keyword : vitamin A, provitamin A, fatty fruits, palm fruit, red palm oil, hypovitaminosis A

▪ Content : The decreased dietary diversity wrought from the adoption of the settled, agrarian system to replace the huntergather and pastoralist lifestyles assured a stable supply of protein and calories from grains and tubers while creating a vulnerability for humans to suffer micronutrient deficiencies.

▪ Keyword : food frequency questionnaire, FFQ, calibration, dietary intake methodology, dietary assessment, dietary records

▪ Content : The current trend of changes in nutrient intakes may have some relationship with the increase in the occurrence of degenerative diseases in the Korean population. To date, a calibrated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) has not been developed that can be further used for large-scale pidemiological research in Koreans aged 40 and older.

▪ Keyword : nutrition screening, subjective global assessment, nutrition assessment

▪ Content : Malnutrition is common in hospitals and it is important to implement an appropriate nutrition screening tool to identify patients at risk. The aim of the study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the malnutrition screening tool developed by the Malnutrition Advisory Group of the British Association of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition against subjective global assessment in hospitalised patients with cancer.

▪ Keyword : body composition, subcutaneous body fat, skinfolds, Caucasian, Asian, body mass index

▪ Content : Data on weight, height and skinfold thickness (biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac) of 101 Singaporean Chinese adolescents (49 girls and 52 boys), aged 16-18 years, were compared with data of Dutch Caucasians (52 girls, 37 boys) of the same age.

▪ Keyword : secular trends, newborns, birth weight, birth length, head circumference

▪ Content : The aim of the study was to investigate the secular changes in size at birth of Vietnamese newborns, and to determine the relationship between size at birth of the infants and nutritional status of their parents.

▪ Keyword : obesity, abdominal fat, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, hyperlipidaemia

▪ Content : This study sought to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, using data collected from 4,541 adults aged 20 years and over covered in the Fifth National Nutrition Survey conducted in 1998. The metabolic variables analyzed were: total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides and fasting blood glucose.

▪ Keyword : fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, glycosylated plasma proteins, serum fructosamine

▪ Content : The objective of this study was to find the changes in glycoprotein composition in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients with and without cardiovascular complications. The study was carried out in Ziauddin Medical University Karachi, Pakistan. Eighty-three patients and control subjects were selected.

▪ Keyword : phytosterols, phytosterol ester, plant sterols, sterols, vegetable oil

▪ Content : It has been reported that phytosterol esters reduce cholesterol absorption and lower serum cholesterol concentration. There have been very few studies published on the effect of dose of phytosterol esters less than 1.0 g/day on plasma cholesterol levels in healthy subjects using commonly consumed foods.