Volume 30 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : NFκB signalling, tocotrienol, inflammation, cancer, antioxidant

▪ Content : Tocotrienols have been reported to exert anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardio-protective and bone-protective effects through modulation of NFκB signalling pathway. The objective of this systematic re-view is to evaluate available literature showing the effect of tocotrienols on NFκB signalling pathway and identify the potential mechanisms involved. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed and SCOPUS databases using the keywords “tocotrienol” and “NFκB” or “nuclear factor kappa b”. Main inclu-sion criteria were English language original articles showing the effect of tocotrienol on NFκB signalling pathway. Fifty-nine articles were selected from the total of 117 articles initially retrieved from the literature search. Modulation of regulatory proteins an...

▪ Keyword : diet quality, children, adults, trend, nutrition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Previous studies had shown that trends in diet quality between children and adults may vary but lack quantitative comparisons. We aimed to compare diet quality and its trends between US children and adults in this research. Methods and Study Design: Children aged 2 to 18 and adults aged 19 to 59 years old in the US were enrolled the serial cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles from 1999 to 2018. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eat-ing Index-2015 (HEI-2015), and trends were analyzed by joinpoint regression model.

▪ Keyword : schools, public health, adolescent behavior, breakfast, body image

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: In adolescents, adequate nutrition education is essential for making decisions regarding healthy eating habits. We aimed to investigate differences in dietary habits and body image misper-ception according to nutrition education status. Methods and Study Design: We analyzed 60,389 adolescents aged 12-18 years old, using the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data. Participants were divided into nutrition-educated (EDU) and uneducated (non-EDU) groups, according to nutrition education status within the past year. Skipping breakfast was defined as skipping breakfast ≥5 times/week.

▪ Keyword : Sakata’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (SEBQ), eating behaviour, obesity, hypertension, Chinese

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The Sakata’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (SEBQ) was developed to grasp distortions and habits in eating behavior. This study aimed to validate the factor structure and psychometrics properties of the Chinese version of the SEBQ, and examine the relationship between eating behavior and hypertension. Methods and Study Design: Individuals were recruited from a community in Xuhui district in Shanghai. The 30-item SEBQ was used to measure eating behavior. Confirmatory factor analysis was per-formed to evaluate the dimensional structure, logistic regression analysis and mediating effect analysis were conducted to evaluate the relation between SEBQ with obesity and hypertension.

▪ Keyword : alcohol consumption, carotid intima-media thickness, diabetes, C-reactive protein, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a risk predictor for myocardial infarc-tion and stroke. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at higher risk for such conditions. The association of alcohol consumption with IMT is still controversial. Methods and Study Design: We undertook a cross-sectional study of patients hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology at Zhoushan Hospital from Janu-ary 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2015. Patients with a past medical history of cerebrovascular events, acute myocardial ischemia or unable to provide a detailed alcohol consumption history were excluded. Carotid IMT, together with blood biochemical examinations were collected. Data were analyzed using least signifi-cant difference t test, Tamhane’s T2 test, Levene ...

▪ Keyword : oil tea, Type 2 diabetes, fasting plasma glucose, daily intake, dietary pattern

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The associations between oil tea and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been little studied in the population. This study aimed to evaluate whether oil tea intake is related to the reduced risk of T2D in adults. Methods and Study Design: A rural-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County, Guangxi, southern China (2018–2019), with a total of 3178 population included in the final analysis. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations between the intake frequency, daily intake of oil tea and the risk of T2D.

▪ Keyword : gestational diabetes mellitus, dietary fiber, glycemic load, total fiber, fruit fiber

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The effect of fiber, especially the effect of specific fiber in different food groups, on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has seldomly been investigated. This study aimed to examine the association between GDM risk and consumption of total fiber, fiber in specific food groups, and glyce-mic load (GL) in the second trimester in Chinese women. Methods and Study Design: A total 162 GDM cas-es were matched to 324 controls on women’s age and pre-pregnancy BMI. Dietary survey was conducted twice to evaluate dietary factors between 13-16 gestational weeks (GW) and 21-24 GW respectively. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis was used to compute the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

▪ Keyword : maternal vitamin D deficiency, preterm birth, small for gestational age, low birth weight, offspring growth

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The role of maternal vitamin D in infantile growth remains unclear. Methods and Study Design: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were examined for pregnancies who visited the Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to December 2017. Anthropometric measurements of corresponding offspring were per-formed from birth to 2 to 3 years old. Infantile body mass index (BMI) was transformed into age-, sex- and height- normalized Z-scores, and Latent Class Growth Mixture (LCGM) model was used to identify trajecto-ries of BMI-Z.

▪ Keyword : older hospitalised patients, frailty screening, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, length of hospital stay, mortality

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Frailty and malnutrition are geriatric syndromes with common risk-factors. Limited studies have investigated these two conditions simultaneously in hospitalised patients. This study in-vestigated the overlap of frailty and malnutrition in older hospitalised patients. Methods and Study Design: This prospective study enrolled 263 patients ≥65 years in a tertiary-teaching hospital in Australia. Frailty sta-tus was assessed by use of the Edmonton-Frail-Scale (EFS) and malnutrition risk was determined by use of the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). Patients were divided into four categories for comparison: normal, at malnutrition-risk only, frail-only and both frail and at malnutrition risk. Multivariate regression models compared clinical outcomes: ...

▪ Keyword : nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, skeletal muscle mass indexes, elders, case-control study, epidemiology

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: As an endocrine organ, the mass of skeletal muscle is closely related to human health. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between regional skeletal muscle and nonalco-holic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese elders. Methods and Study Design: A total of 1,328 partici-pants (579 males and 749 females), aged 65 to 96 years were recruited between March to November 2020 in Qingdao, China. Of these, 400 cases and 400 healthy controls, matched by gender and age (±3 years), were included in the study. Skeletal muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and body weight was adopted to standardize skeletal muscle mass to obtain skeletal muscle mass indexes.

▪ Keyword : yam paste, preload, starch digestion, glycemic response, satiety

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: People with dental problems and dysphagia frequently consume foods in paste form. A strategy is required to mitigate the glycemic responses of these foods. Methods and Study Design: The effect of yam paste ingestion on postprandial glycemic responses was assessed using a two-arm study design for yam paste ingestion: (1) as low– and medium–glycemic index food and (2) as preload and coingested food in a rice meal. In a randomized crossover trial, 18 healthy volunteers consumed (1) low-intensity-cooked yam paste; (2) medium-intensity-cooked yam paste; (3) cooked white rice; (4) coingested low-intensity-cooked yam paste with rice; (5) coingested medium-intensity-cooked yam paste with rice; (6) a preload of low-intensity-cooked yam paste before rice; (7) a prel...

▪ Keyword : cardiovascular risk, gamma-aminobutyric acid, hypertension, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Monascus purpureus

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Red yeast rice contains monacolin K, an inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis, and gamma-aminobutyric acid, a neurotransmitter. The daily dose of red yeast rice and monacolin K in previous studies was relatively high; therefore, there were safety concerns. We aimed to examine the effects of low daily dose red yeast rice on arteriosclerosis in patients with mild dyslipidemia. Methods and Study Design: Eighteen patients without known cardiovascular disease and unsatisfactory low-density lipoprotein choles-terol (3.96±0.19 mmol/L) controlled only by diet therapy were randomly allocated to receive low dose red yeast rice (200 mg/day) containing 2 mg monacolin K or diet therapy alone for 8 weeks. The primary out-come was the absolute change in low-density lipopr...

▪ Keyword : oral nutritional supplements, the elderly, community, malnutrition or risk of malnutrition, nutrition supplement

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To evaluate the effect of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) on community el-derly people with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition. Methods and Study Design: A single arm intervention trial for 3 months was conducted. Whole nutrient powder was given to all the participants. Dietary intakes were measured by 3-day diet record. Nutritional status was evaluated using body weight, body mass index (BMI), calf circumference (CC), and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) scores.

▪ Keyword : infant feeding, neurodevelopment, MFGM, complex milk lipids, gangliosides

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Human milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) has multifunctional health bene-fits. We evaluated neurodevelopment and growth of healthy term infants fed bovine milk-derived MFGM-enriched formula (MF) over 12 months. Methods and Study Design: A prospective, multi-centre, double-blind, randomized trial was conducted in Fuzhou, China. Healthy term infants (n=212), aged <14 days, were assigned randomly to be fed MF or a standard formula (SF) for 6 months and then switched to stage 2 MF and SF formula until 12 months. A reference group (n=206) contained healthy breastfed infants (BFR). Neu-rodevelopment was assessed with Bayley-III Scales.

▪ Keyword : volume-based feeding (VBF), enteral nutrition, intensive care unit (ICU), nutritional Support, critical care

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of VBF on critically ill patients. Methods and Study Design: We systematically retrieved the correlative literature from January 1, 2000, to March 30, 2021, sources include MEDLINE, Wed of Science, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Randomized controlled trials or cohort studies of enteral nutrition based on VBF versus rate-based feeding (RBF) in critically illness of adult participants were selected.

▪ Keyword : nutrition, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, transthyretin, older adults, vertigo

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Poor nutritional status is associated with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Transthyretin (TTR) is a more sensitive marker than is albumin for nutritional status assessment. This study was conducted to confirm an association between serum transthyretin levels and BPPV. Methods and Study Design: In total, 320 patients with BPPV and 320 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited be-tween July 1, 2018, and July 1, 2020. All patients underwent audiovestibular tests, including the Dix–Hallpike test for the posterior semicircular canal and the supine roll test for the horizontal semicircular canal.

▪ Keyword : muscle wasting, urea to creatinine ratio, complications, cancer, pancreatoduodenectomy

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Surgical patients with depleted skeletal muscle mass tend to have a worse out-come. Whether perioperative change of urea to creatinine ratio (CUCR) can reflect muscle wasting and pre-dict postoperative complications have not been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of perioperative CUCR with postoperative complications and skeletal muscle wasting in pancreatic cancer pa-tients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Methods and Study Design: Pancreatic cancer patients un-dergoing PD were included retrospectively.

▪ Keyword : energy intake, postoperative period, length of stay, indirect calorimetry

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The study aimed to explore the association between energy intake (EI), the proportion of enteral nutrition intake (EN%), and prognostic-related indicators. Methods and Study Design: This was a prospective observational study. Patients aged 18-80 years old, who had undergone cardiothoracic surgery, were enrolled between January 2017 and January 2018. The measured REE (mREE) was evaluated by indirect calorimetry (IC). The observational data on EI, EN% and EI/mREE% were collected following admission to ICU, ICU discharge, and prior to discharge.

▪ Keyword : primary intestinal lymphangiectasia, diagnosis, treatment, MCT diet

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Primary Intestinal Lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a rare congenital and digestive disease, which could present through a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, diagnostic and treatment management. The aim of this study was to introduce the diagnosis and nutrition treatment of children with PIL through the twelve years of experience. Methods and Study Design: The patients diagnosed with PIL admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition in Xinhua Hospital from June 2006 to Sep-tember 2017 were included in the study.

▪ Keyword : volume-based feeding (VBF), enteral nutrition, intensive care unit (ICU), nutritional Support, critical care

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of VBF on critically ill patients. Methods and Study Design: We systematically retrieved the correlative literature from January 1, 2000, to March 30, 2021, sources include MEDLINE, Wed of Science, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Randomized controlled trials or cohort studies of enteral nutrition based on VBF versus rate-based feeding (RBF) in critically illness of adult participants were selected.