Abstract

Background and Objectives: The increasing prevalence of hyperuricemia in children is a global health concern. Plant dietary fiber may influence uric acid levels by improving gut health and lowering blood glucose and lipid levels. This study aims to examine the relationship between plant-based dietary fiber intake and hyperuricemia risk in Chinese children aged 6-17 years. Methods and Study Design: This study analyzed dietary fiber intake data from 11,423 children (aged 6-17 years) from the China Children and Lactating Women Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CCLWNHS) conducted between 2016 and 2019. Plant dietary fiber intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was performed, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and energy intake. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to explore nonlinear relationships and identify cut-off values for dietary fiber intake. Results: Among the 11,423 children, 1,730 (15.1%) were diagnosed with hyperuricemia. The average daily fiber intake was 8.28 ± 5.90g, with cereal fiber accounting for 56.1-57.8%. A significant negative correlation was found between cereal dietary fiber intake and hyperuricemia risk (p = 0.0004). Stratified analysis indicated that overweight/obesity status modified this relationship. ROC curve analysis identified optimal intake cut-off values: 8.35 g/day for boys and 11.1 g/day for girls. Conclusions: Processed and ultraprocessed foods still have a lower contribution to energy and nutrient intake in Jakarta than nonprocessed foods and processed ingredients.

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