Volume 14 Issue 2

▪ Keyword : nuts, meat, heart disease, CHD risk factors, LDL cholesterol, saturated fat

▪ Content : The general health message to the public about meat consumption is both confusing and misleading. It is stated that meat is not good for health because meat is rich in fat and cholesterol and high intakes are associated with increased blood cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease (CHD).

▪ Keyword : folic acid, milk, NTD, fortification, red blood cell folate, plasma folate

▪ Content : Daily consumption of 400 µg folic acid prior to conception and during early pregnancy is recommended for the prevention of neural tube defects (NTD). Strategies to increase folic acid consumption include supplements and fortified foods.

▪ Keyword : total-Homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate, neonatal size, India

▪ Content : The smallness of Indian babies is ascribed to small maternal size and their chronic under nutrition. Micronutrient nutrition of the mother may be particularly important. We investigated the relationship between maternal circulating concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy), vitamin B12 and folate and offspring size at birth.

▪ Keyword : chylothorax, chylopericardium, total parenteral nutrition, MCT-rich diet, pediatric

▪ Content : Chylothorax and chylopericardium are rare conditions occurring in infants and children. Both may be traumatic or nontraumatic in origin. We reviewed our experiences with the management of sixteen pediatric cases (10 males, 6 females; 11 days to 14-years old) of chylothorax and chylopericardium from 1997 to 2003.

▪ Keyword : protein-energy malnutrition in children, underweight, stunting, soil-transmitted helminthiases

▪ Content : This study aims to determine the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition and its association with soil transmitted helminthiases in Orang Asli (Aborigine) children in Selangor, Malaysia. The results obtained from 368 children aged 2-15 years showed that the overall prevalence of mild and significant underweight was 32.1% and 56.5% respectively

▪ Keyword : lactic acidosis, short bowel syndrome

▪ Content : D-lactic acidosis is a rare complication in children with short bowel syndrome. It results from fermentation of dietary carbohydrate by luminal bacteria in the small bowel caused by bacterial overgrowth. We present the case of a 14-year-old boy who had been diagnosed with short bowel syndrome from surgical treatment of midgut volvulus five years previously.

▪ Keyword : antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, free radical scavenging, cranberry, fruit phytochemicals

▪ Content : Emerging epidemiological evidence is increasingly pointing to the beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables in managing chronic and infectious diseases. These beneficial effects are now suggested to be due to the constituent phenolic phytochemicals having antioxidant activity.

▪ Keyword : antioxidant, lycopene, tomatoes, olive oil, cuisine, bioavailability, Mediterranean cuisine

▪ Content : Lycopene is the main carotenoid in tomatoes and it has been hypothesised to be responsible for reducing the risk of some cancers and heart disease. The cooking of tomatoes with olive oil is a characteristic combination in the Southern Mediterranean diet.

▪ Keyword : vitamins A, C, and E, coronary disease, risk factors, lipid peroxides, dietary antioxidant vitamin intake

▪ Content : Traditional risk factors do not appear to explain fully the variation in the incidence of the cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Epidemiological studies have not been entirely consistent with regard to the relationship between antioxidant vitamin intake and CVD and there appears to be little data on this relationship in nonCaucasian populations.

▪ Keyword : alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase, angiotensin I-converting enzyme, soybean

▪ Content : Long-term type 2 diabetes can lead to numerous biological complications, such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Key enzymes involved in the enzymatic breakdown of complex carbohydrates, pancreatic α-amylase and intestinal α-glucosidase, have been targeted as potential avenues for modulation of type 2 diabetes-associated post-prandial hyperglycemia through mild inhibition of their enzymatic activities so as to decrease meal-derived glucose absorption.

▪ Keyword : Momordica charantia, bitter gourd seeds, streptozotocin, diabetes, antioxidant enzymes

▪ Content : The aim of the present study is to investigate the antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of seeds of two varieties, namely a country and hybrid variety of Momordica charantia (MCSEt1 and MCSEt2) respectively in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

▪ Keyword : iodine, salt, household salt, socio-economic status, South Africa

▪ Content : Marketing of non-iodized salt through unconventional distribution channels is one of the factors weakening the national salt iodization program in South Africa. The aim of this study was therefore to quantify the various sources of household salt, and to relate this information to socio-economic status.

▪ Keyword : diet quality, food groups, Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Tehranian adults

▪ Content : The healthy eating index (HEI) was developed to track the quality of diets in different societies. The aim of this study was to determine the HEI score of Tehranian adults. This study, conducted within the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), was a part of a dietary intake assessment carried out in 819 cases aged 19 and over.

▪ Keyword : obesity, overweight, women, BMI, WHR, Islamshahr

▪ Content : This study determined the prevalence of overweight, overall and central obesity in female adolescents and women and their possible association with marital status, occupation, literacy, parity, daily meal and snack consumption. The study was a cross-sectional, random survey of households.