Volume 16 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : fenugreek, α-amylase inhibition, type 2 diabetes, solid-state bioconversion (SSB), Rhizopus oligosporus

▪ Content : The present research investigated the enrichment of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graceum) seed substrate with phenolic antioxidants and L-DOPA via fungal-based solid-state bioconversion (SSB) system. This approach using food grade fungus Rhizopus oligosporus, was chosen because it has been demonstrated to be effective in other seed and food substrates for improving health-relevant functionality and has long history of use for food processing in Asia.

▪ Keyword : purple sweet potato leaves, polyphenols, basketball, training, antioxidative status

▪ Content : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of purple sweet potato leaves (PSPLs) consumption on antioxidative status and its modulation of that status in basketball players during training period. Fifteen elite basketball players were enrolled in this study.

▪ Keyword : body mass index, obesity, overweight, childhood, adolescence

▪ Content : Objective: To examine the trends in body mass index (BMI) of Saudi male adolescents between 1988 and 1996. Methods: The data set came from three major population-based cross sectional studies. They all involve nationally representative samples and were conducted between 1988 and 1996. BMI was calculated from body height and mass and plotted at the 50th and 90th percentiles.

▪ Keyword : milk, dairy products, prostate cancer, meta-analysis, cohort study

▪ Content : We have previously found a positive association between milk consumption and prostate cancer risk using metaanalysis to analyze published case-control studies. In the present study, further meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the summary relative risk (RR) between the consumption of milk and dairy products and prostate cancer from cohort studies published between 1966- 2006.

▪ Keyword : lung cancer, case-control study, vitamin A, garland chrysanthemum, and sweet potato leaves

▪ Content : A case-control study was conducted to investigate the association between the consumption of local common foods that are rich in vitamin A and the risk of lung cancer in Taiwan. A total of 301 incident lung cancer cases, 602 hospital controls, and 602 neighborhood controls were recruited.

▪ Keyword : randomized controlled trial, health education, program evaluation, hyperglycemia, public health

▪ Content : The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of our individual-based counseling program and tools among individuals in ordinary Japanese communities with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and mild type 2 diabetes. A total of 233 eligible participants (age 30-69 years) in 14 local study centers were randomly assigned to an intervention group (INT, N=119) and a control group (CONT, N=114).

▪ Keyword : tocotrienols, tocopherols, adipose tissue, fatty acid composition

▪ Content : Data on dietary exposure to vitamin E by plasma or adipose tissue concentrations of α-tocopherol (α-T) in observational studies have failed to provide consistent support for the idea that α-T provides women with any protection from breast cancer.

▪ Keyword : child nutrition, India, multiple micronutrients, salt fortification, iron, vitamin A

▪ Content : Aim: To test the efficacy of a multiple micronutrient fortified salt in improving the micronutrient status and health of school children and its effect on cognition. Methods: A salt fortified with multiple micronutrients was developed containing chelated ferrous sulphate, microencapsulated vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, B12, folic acid, niacin, calcium pantothenate and iodine.

▪ Keyword : crisis, poverty, economy, recent-onset malnutrition (wasting), chronic malnutrition (stunting and anaemia)

▪ Content : There is empirical evidence at the national level that suggests the 1999 Indonesian economic crisis impact was very heterogeneous both between urban and rural areas and across regions. A cross sectional study of the nutritional status of children and its determinants was performed in urban poor areas of Jakarta, and rural areas of Banggai in Central Sulawesi, and Alor-Rote in East Nusa Tenggara.

▪ Keyword : anemia, pregnancy, prevalence, haemoglobin, grandmultiparity

▪ Content : Anemia is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency during pregnancy. Except for a study conducted 10 years ago in Kelantan, Malaysia’s available statistics are based on isolated small urban maternity hospital studies from the 1980s. There was therefore, a need for a large study at national level to estimate the magnitude of the problem in the country as well as to understand its epidemiology.

▪ Keyword : nutrition, Lao PDR, Laos, mother, child, qualitative study

▪ Content : In two remote northern provinces of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, provincial and district teams were trained and subsequently conducted a qualitative study using a participatory approach to investigate people’s knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices in relation to women’s and children’s nutrition.

▪ Keyword : palm oil, vitamin E, heated frying oils, ovariectomy, bone histomorphometry

▪ Content : Palm oil is shown to have antioxidant, anticancer and cholesterol lowering effects. It is resistant to oxidation when heated compared to other frying oils such as soy oil. When a frying oil is heated repeatedly, it forms toxic degradation products, such as aldehydes which when consumed, may be absorbed into the systemic circulation.

▪ Keyword : Obesity, fat intake, sodium, potassium, calcium, physical activity

▪ Content : Cardiovascular disease has become the first cause of death in Indonesia. The highest morbidity is found in the aged, and among cardiovascular disorders or diseases, the prevalence of hypertension is the highest. Many studies of the relationship between nutritional factors and hypertension have been conducted, especially with reference to the metabolic syndrome, but studies to understand determinants of blood pressure in Indonesia are lacking.

▪ Keyword : short bowel syndrome, adaptation, intestine, L-arginine, enteral nutrition

▪ Content : The objective of this study was to evaluate whether continuous enteral supplementation of L-arginine can stimulate intestinal adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS).

▪ Keyword : prevalence, obesity, ethnicity, Malaysia

▪ Content : A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in all states of Malaysia with the aim to determine the prevalence of obesity among Malaysians aged fifteen years and above and factors associated. A stratified twostage cluster sampling design with proportional allocation was used.

▪ Keyword : weight-related attitudes, food and beverage practices, normal-weight, obese people, women Chinese

▪ Content : This study was designed to obtain baseline data regarding self-reported body image, attitudes toward overweight people, and dietary behaviors of normal-weight and obese women in Taiwan. Fifty obese women (BMI ≧ 27) and age-matched normal-weight women participated in this study.

▪ Keyword : aborigines, obesity, anthropometrics, lifestyle, Taiwan

▪ Content : The study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of obesity in Taiwanese aborigines and to identify the associated factors. Data for this study were from the “2001 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)” that conducted in-home, face-to-face, interviews on 6,592 households (26,658 persons) of a national probability sample in Taiwan.

▪ Keyword : Orlistat, sibutramine, dietary supplement, off-label drugs, drug utilization

▪ Content : Between July 2004 and June 2005, a cross-sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence and patterns of anti-obesity medicine use among subjects seeking obesity treatment in Taiwan.

▪ Keyword : goiter, antithyroid antibody, thyroidperoxidase antibody, thyroglobulin antibody

▪ Content : Introduction: Despite long standing iodine supplementation in Iran the prevalence of goiter remains high in some areas. This may suggest that causes other than iodine deficiency, such as autoimmune thyroid diseases, should also be considered. We therefore assessed the prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies in children living in an inland area in Iran and correlated these findings with prevalence of goiter within this region.

▪ Keyword : fruits, vegetables, antioxidants, folate, homocysteine, carotenoids

▪ Content : Fruit and vegetable consumption has been inversely associated with the risk of chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease, with the beneficial effects attributed to a variety of protective antioxidants, carotenoids and phytonutrients. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of supplementation with dehydrated concentrates from mixed fruit and vegetable juices (Juice Plus+®) on serum antioxidant and folate status, plasma homocysteine levels and markers for oxidative stress and DNA damage.

▪ Keyword : gamma tocopherol, platelets, lipids, CRP, thrombotic risk factors

▪ Content : Objective: The antioxidant activity of vitamin E is derived primarily from alpha-tocopherol (α-T) and gamma-tocopherol (γ-T). Results of epidemiological studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between vitamin E intake and coronary disease. However, the results of clinical trials using α-T are equivocal. We determined the effect of 5 weeks of 100 mg/d or 200 mg/d γ-T supplementation on thrombotic markers such as platelet reactivity, lipid profile and the inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP).

▪ Keyword : EPA, n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, γ-cyclodextrin, fatty acid composition

▪ Content : Objectives: This study was carried out to examine whether serum triglyceride concentrations were decreased by administration of n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) complex-containing capsules as reported previously with n–3 PUFA without γ-CD.

▪ Keyword : acute diarrhea, dietary fiber, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, micronutrients

▪ Content : A randomized double blind clinical trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of a special infant formula containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus LMG P-22799 (probiotic: 5 x 108 CFU/100mL), inulin (prebiotic: 0.15 g/100mL), dietary fiber (soy polysaccharides: 0.2 g/100mL) and increased amounts of zinc+iron (+0.4 and +0.6 mg/100mL, respectively) as active ingredients for the early dietary management of 58 Indonesian well-nourished male infants aged 3-12 months suffering from acute diarrhea with moderate dehydration.

▪ Keyword : obesity, body mass index, body fat percent, bioelectrical impedance analysis

▪ Content : Our aim was to determine the relationship between body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI) and to evaluate the validity of World Health Organisation’s BMI cut-off values for obesity. Adult out-patients (n=909, 249 men, 660 women), mean age; 40.5 ± 14.1 years were included.

▪ Keyword : food security, obesity, Pacific, energy density, diet, costs

▪ Content : When an infant is brought home to the family, it is often a time of emotional, economic and physical stress due to the extra demands placed on parents. Household food security means “access at all times to enough and nutritionally appropriate food to provide the energy and nutrients needed to maintain an active and healthy life”.