Volume 20 Issue 4

▪ Keyword : iodine deficiency disorders, monitoring, salt iodization, iodine excess, iodine nutrition

▪ Content : Using national monitoring data collected between 1995 and 2009, this paper describes the change in trend with regard to the coverage of qualified iodized household salt and iodine status of the population in China since the implementation of universal salt iodization.

▪ Keyword : obesity, adrenergic beta-2 receptors, interaction, nutrition, smoking

▪ Content : The aim of this study was to determine the strong candidate genes increasing susceptibility to obesity among previously reported obesity-related genes in Korean subjects and evaluate gene-environmental interactions in susceptibility to obesity. The study population comprised of 163 adolescents (95 boys and 68 girls) and their parents (97 men and 96 women).

▪ Keyword : human milk, complementary foods, infant feeding, micronutrient intake, Guatemala

▪ Content : Complementary foods (CF) are introduced earlier or later than appropriate in developing societies. They often contribute poorly to overall adequate micronutrient intake during the critical period for growth and development, which constitutes the period from 6 to 12 months of life. The objective of this study was to determine the contribution of the CF nutrients to the total estimated nutrient intake in infants in the second semester of life.

▪ Keyword : undernutrition, children under five years, China, rural area, WHO Child Growth Standard

▪ Content : Purpose: To assess the nutritional status among rural children under five years in China relative to WHO Child Growth Standards 2006, and to explore risk factors for undernutrition. Design: Cross-sectional study of rural areas in 10 provinces of China. A total of 84,009 children under five recruited through multi-level sampling.

▪ Keyword : soy products, type 2 diabetes mellitus, lipids, fasting glucose, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Clinical trials have reported the lipid-lowering effect of consuming soy products, and epidemiological studies have shown that soy intake is associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically review the effects of soy products consumption on serum lipid profiles and glycaemic control in T2DM patients.

▪ Keyword : meat, colon cancer, rectal cancer, prospective studies, Japan

▪ Content : Asian populations have changed from traditional to Westernized diets, with increased red meat intake. They are suggested to be particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of red meat on the development of colorectal cancers, however, few prospective studies of this putative link have been conducted. We examined associations between the consumption of red and processed meat and the risk of subsite-specific colorectal cancer by gender in a large Japanese cohort.

▪ Keyword : food insecurity, prevalence, causes, control, epidemiology

▪ Content : Food insecurity is frequent in both developed and developing countries, affecting from 5% to 25% of the general population. The aim of this study was to assess food insecurity, its influencing factors and control measures in the northwest of Iran. A total population of 15,070 (2,911 households) were studied.

▪ Keyword : food insecurity, Indonesia, poverty, smoking, tobacco

▪ Content : Food insecurity is common in developing countries and related to the physical well being of families. Household food insecurity is intended to reflect a household’s access, availability, and utilization of food. The relationship between paternal smoking and household food insecurity has not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of paternal smoking with household food insecurity among poor families in rural Indonesia.

▪ Keyword : migrant adolescents, dietary habits, nutrition, sociodempgraphic factors, China

▪ Content : Background: It is estimated that the number of migrant adolescents in Chinese cities may have reached 25 million. However, little research has been conducted on their dietary habits. The objective of this study was to compare dietary habits between migrant and local adolescents in Shenzhen, China. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted in 3368 adolescents (aged 11-18 years; 52.5% boys).

▪ Keyword : nutrition assessment, malnutrition, aged, culture, New Zealand

▪ Content : Aim: To assess a nutrition risk screening tool amongst Māori and non-Māori of advanced age. Method: A cross sectional feasibility study was conducted in three North Island locations. One hundred and eight communityliving residents aged 75- 85 years were assessed for nutrition risk using ‘the validated questionnaire ‘Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition’, Version II (SCREENII) and level of physical activity using the ‘Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly’ (PASE).

▪ Keyword : food frequency questionnaire, validation, fat, cholesterol, Malay adults

▪ Content : Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death in Malaysia. Evidence shows that dietary fat intake is one of the important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, studies assessing the association of fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular diseases in Malaysia are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) assessing total fat and different types of fat among Malay adults in Malaysia.

▪ Keyword : α-tocopherol, catabolism, CEHC, urine, biomarker

▪ Content : The objective is to determine the association between the 24 hour urinary α-tocopherol catabolite, 2,5,7,8- tetramethyl-2(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (α-CEHC) and α-tocopherol intake in an intervention and a cross-sectional studies. In the 4-weeks intervention study, Japanese men (n = 10) consumed the test diet in week 1, and the test diet plus varying amounts of α-tocopherol in the three subsequent weeks: 21 μmol/d α-tocopherol in week 2, 63 μmol/d in week 3, and 125 μmol/d in week 4.

▪ Keyword : resting metabolic rate, predictive equations, validity, women, energy metabolism

▪ Content : Objectives: To determine the resting metabolic rate (RMR) in a sample of Iranian women, and to evaluate the validity of predictive equations for estimating RMR in normal and obese subjects. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 187 healthy women aged 18-45 years. Anthropometric data were collected and subjects’ RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry for 15 minutes following an overnight fast.

▪ Keyword : anemia, pregnant women, NaFeEDTA, ferrous sulfate, oxidative stress

▪ Content : Iron is important general well being, to prevent or treat anemia, and is a cofactor of many enzymes in the antioxidant process. Effect of sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA) and ferrous sulfate on iron bioavailability and oxidative stress in anemic pregnant women was evaluated. A 2-month randomized controlled trial was conducted on 153 anemic pregnant women, with 80≤ Hb <110g/L.

▪ Keyword : diabetes mellitus, calcitriol, glucose, insulin resistance, hemoglobin A1C

▪ Content : Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem. Recent epidemiological evidence also points to a potential association of vitamin D insufficiency with adverse metabolic risks, including that for type 2 diabetes. Subjects and method: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was carried out. Seventy subjects with type 2 diabetes, age 30-75 years old, were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to two groups.

▪ Keyword : renal function, metabolic syndrome, glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, soy protein

▪ Content : Background: Soy protein is used for meal replacement therapy in obesity, however the influence on renal function parameters is not adequately investigated. This study evaluates glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) in patients with the metabolic syndrome and healthy controls after ingestion of different amounts of soy protein. Methods: 10 patients with the metabolic syndrome but no signs of kidney disease and 10 healthy controls ingested 1 g protein/kg body weight of a commercial soy-yoghurt-honey preparation.

▪ Keyword : anemia, hemoglobin, plasma ferritin, zinc status, fortified juice drink

▪ Content : Energy and micronutrient deficiency remain prevalent among Filipino children. Juice drinks are commonly consumed and could be a viable vehicle for fortification to supplement the nutrient gap. This study determined the effects of a newly developed non-carbonated fortified juice drink on the iron, zinc and nutritional status of schoolchildren.

▪ Keyword : HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, nutrition screening tool, hospitalized, China

▪ Content : Objectives: Nutrition support has long been ignored in China’s HIV/AIDS treatment and care. The objectives of this project were to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition among Chengdu urban HIV positive patients, and to provide evidence for further nutritional intervention. Materials and Methods: HIV-infected adults admitted to an infectious diseases inpatient unit were eligible for this study.

▪ Keyword : skeletal muscle mass, prediction model, body composition, anthropometry, skinfold

▪ Content : The purpose of this study was to develop and cross-validate anthropometric equations for the estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in Chinese adults. A total of 763 adults aged 18-69 years (345 men and 418 women) were recruited from residents living in four regions (Jinan, Guangzhou, Xi’an and Chengdu) in China. ASM were measured by fan-beam dual energy x-ray absorptiometry.

▪ Keyword : preschool children, obesity, waist circumference, blood pressure, body mass index

▪ Content : Objective: To investigate the relationship between waist circumference and blood pressure (BP) to determine if waist circumference was an indicator of BP in preschool children. Methods: Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, and blood pressure of 939 3-6-year-old preschool children were collected.