Volume 21 Issue 2

▪ Keyword : brain, ICCIDD, IDD, iodine deficiency disorders, monitoring

▪ Content : Iodine deficiency is the most common preventable cause of brain damage with more than 2 billion people from 130 countries at risk. The global problem of iodine deficiency has been redefined by a readily transmitted population concept, with an easy acronym – the concept of the iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) – referring to all the effects of iodine deficiency in a population, that can be totally prevented by correction of iodine deficiency with special emphasis on brain damage and not just to goitre and cretinism (1983).

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, stunting, feeding practice, breast milk, complementary food

▪ Content : The World Health Organization reported that inappropriate feeding in children is responsible for one-third of the cases of malnutrition. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and identify the relationship between feeding practices and malnutrition in children below 5 years, in 7 remote and poor counties of China.

▪ Keyword : development, growth, Viet Nam, preschool children, motor milestones

▪ Content : Early childhood malnutrition has been associated with delayed development. Limited data exist however about the timing of developmental delay early in life. We assessed motor milestone (MM) achievement using the World Health Organization’s windows of achievement for gross motor milestones. We performed secondary analysis of baseline data of 158 Vietnamese children aged 5-18 months from a randomized community intervention trial.

▪ Keyword : intrauterine nutrition, carotid intimal medial thickness, maternal diet, vascular disease, atherosclerosis

▪ Content : Several studies show that intrauterine nutrition restriction is associated with vascular disease. Animal studies have shown that atherosclerosis can be affected by a constrained intrauterine diet, but this relationship in humans is controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal intake during pregnancy and carotid intimal media thickness (CIMT).

▪ Keyword : snacking behaviors, snacking patterns, Chinese, social-demographic factors, trend

▪ Content : This study investigates the dynamic shifts in snacking behaviors and patterns in China. Using four waves (1991, 2004, 2006, and 2009) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), with full socioeconomic and demographic data and 3-day, 24-hour dietary recall data, 45,402 individuals age two and older were studied.

▪ Keyword : uric acid, dietary pattern, exploratory factor analysis, food frequency questionnaire, validation study

▪ Content : The evidence for a relationship between dietary patterns and uric acid concentrations is scanty. Here, we used a validated food frequency questionnaire for an ethnic Chinese population in Taiwan to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and uric acid concentrations. A cross-sectional study on 266 adults, who were interviewed with a 38-item food frequency questionnaire, was conducted and serum uric acid levels were measured.

▪ Keyword : cluster analysis, the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, waist circumference, Asia

▪ Content : With modernization, the Philippines has experienced increasing rates of obesity and related cardiometabolic diseases. Studying how risk factors cluster in individuals may offer insight into cardiometabolic disease etiology. We used cluster analysis to group women who share the following cardiometabolic biomarkers: fasting triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C, C-reactive protein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and fasting glucose.

▪ Keyword : Polynesian, adolescent, obesity, diet, New Zealand

▪ Content : Pacific children and adolescents are burdened with higher prevalences of obesity compared to other groups in New Zealand. Previous research shows Pacific young people purchase their lunch food items significantly more than other groups. The aim of this study is to describe school lunch food consumption patterns and the influences on these among low-income Pacific adolescents and their parents.

▪ Keyword : MTHFR, polymorphism, folate, homocysteine, young female

▪ Content : Environmental and genetic factors influence serum total homocysteine (tHcy), a risk factor for vascular diseases. The gene polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is reported to be a genetic factor for influencing tHcy. However, it is not clear whether MTHFR polymorphism influences tHcy in the younger generation.

▪ Keyword : the metabolic syndrome, ADIPOQ, polymorphism, case-control study, China

▪ Content : The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of abnormalities characterized by obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension or elevated blood pressure, and dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) +45 T > G polymorphism with the metabolic syndrome among Han Chinese in Sichuan province of China.

▪ Keyword : dietary pattern, VEGFR2 gene polymorphisms, blood lipids, Chinese Malaysian, Japanese

▪ Content : Background/Aims: Dietary pattern and genetic predisposition of each population have different impacts on lifestyle-related chronic diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the association and interaction between dietary patterns and VEGFR2 or KDR gene polymorphisms on physical and biochemical risk factors of cardiovascular disease in two Asian populations (179 Chinese Malaysian and 136 Japanese adults).

▪ Keyword : anemia, Cambodia, etiology, prevalence, hemoglobin

▪ Content : Anemia is a severe global public health problem with serious consequences for both the human and socio-economic health. This paper presents a situation analysis of the burden of anemia in Cambodia, including a discussion of the country-specific etiologies and future research needs.

▪ Keyword : apolipoprotein B, cholesterol, polymorphism, plasma lipids, Mexican

▪ Content : Some studies, that consider polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene as risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), have reported discordant results. The aim of the present study was to search for associations between plasma lipid profiles with the DNA Xba I polymorphism of the APOB gene in CAD patients diagnosed by angiography (CAD+).

▪ Keyword : body fat percentage, digital skinfold calliper, training system, wireless data communication, automated process

▪ Content : A quick and valid method for evaluating percentage body fat is based on the use of skinfold callipers. However, limitations associated to their use and characteristics led the authors to improve a traditional calliper (Harpenden) and to integrate it with a software application. Such a measuring system, LipoTool, is meant to have better accuracy and reliability, including data processing and digital recording at a very low cost.

▪ Keyword : hemoglobin, anemia, non-invasive technology, diagnostic screening, Guatemala

▪ Content : Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration is the central diagnostic indicator for anemia, including nutritional anemia. The objective of this study was to compare the Hb values determined by two portable, non-invasive devices across a wide Hb spectrum against formal laboratory measurements, and with each other. Eighty Guatemalan adults (40 highland men, 40 lowland pregnant women) provided venous blood for formal Hb colorimetric determination.

▪ Keyword : glycaemic index, glycaemic load, diet, dietary carbohydrate, Malaysia

▪ Content : This paper outlines the methodology to add glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) functionality to food DietPLUS, a Microsoft Excel-based Malaysian food composition database and diet intake calculator. Locally determined GI values and published international GI databases were used as the source of GI values. Previously published methodology for GI value assignment was modified to add GI and GL calculators to the database.

▪ Keyword : chicken-based formula, cow milk allergy, extensively hydrolyzed protein formula, infant, Thailand

▪ Content : The effective treatment of cow milk allergy in infants consists of elimination of cow milk protein and the introduction of formulas based on an extensively hydrolyzed protein formula or an amino acid-based formula. However, about 10% of these infants are still allergic to an extensively hydrolyzed protein formula and an amino acid-based formula is very expensive.

▪ Keyword : weight-related behavior, non-overweight adolescents, misperceptions about being overweight, diet, sex

▪ Content : This study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight misperception, unhealthy diet practices, and factors associated with these weight-related behaviors among Korean adolescents. The subjects were a nationally representative sample of non-overweight students (52,515 in 2005, 64,084 in 2006, and 67,113 in 2007) in middle and high schools who completed the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey.

▪ Keyword : anthropometric indices, atherosclerosis, carotid arteries, cut-off values, ROC analysis

▪ Content : Excess body weight is a cardiovascular risk factor. The relationship between anthropometric indices and cardiovascular health is not completely understood. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) is a subclinical marker of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the best anthropometric obesity indicator for diagnosis of initial stage of atherosclerosis by CIMT. This cross-sectional study included 100 adult women, aged 18-50 years.

▪ Keyword : metabolically healthy obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, the metabolic syndrome, incidence

▪ Content : Obesity is an epidemic health problem related to morbidity and mortality of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known regarding the development of cardiometabolic diseases in an obese subgroup with a healthy metabolic risk profile. This study examined the prevalence of baseline metabolically healthy obese subjects and its impacts on the incidences of cardiometabolic diseases using a nation-wide population cohort.