Volume 21 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : selenium, Keshan disease, translational research, essential trace element

▪ Content : This is a review article telling a 50-years old story about the studies on selenium deficiency and Keshan disease in China, an endemic heart disease with high case-fatality, as an example of translational research. Extensive cross-sectional epidemiological studies showed that low selenium concentrations in cereal grains and low selenium status of local residents were associated with the occurrence of Keshan disease.

▪ Keyword : n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, homocysteine, type 2 diabetes, phospholipids, monounsaturated fatty acids

▪ Content : The main aim of the present study was to investigate the plasma phospholipids (PL) fatty acids status and its association with plasma Hcy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). One hundred and four T2DM (aged 57.3±13.4 y) and 150 healthy subjects (aged 48.4±8.7 y) were recruited.

▪ Keyword : liver cirrhosis, HCV, nutrition, obesity, chronic hepatitis C

▪ Content : Background/Aim: Nutritional states of Japanese patients with liver cirrhosis have recently shown great diversity, some show protein energy malnutrition and others excessive nutrition and obesity. For there to be adequate guidance regarding dietary treatment, it is important that a patient’s current nutritional state be clarified.

▪ Keyword : Japanese young women, taste acuity, filter-paper disc method, micronutrient, dietary record

▪ Content : The aim of the present study is to investigate the taste acuity in Japanese young women in relation to their micronutrient status. Thirty-eight healthy young women (mean age; 21.3, range; 19-27 years) were enrolled. Gustatory thresholds were estimated for four basic tastes: sweet (sucrose), salty (sodium chloride), sour (tartaric acid), and bitter (quinine hydrochloride) by a filter-paper disk method.

▪ Keyword : anaemia, haemoglobinopathy, Myanmar, adolescent, schoolgirls

▪ Content : Objective: Anaemia is one of major nutritional problems in Myanmar affecting all age groups. However, there is lack of recent information and a study was conducted to acquire information on the current status of anaemia among adolescent schoolgirls in Nyaung Done township, Ayeyarwady division where an intervention study was planned.

▪ Keyword : beverages, energy, overweight, obesity, dietary

▪ Content : Background: Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) may increase the risk of obesity. Data in regards to the consumption of SSBs is insufficient in the Chinese population, especially in middle school students experiencing rapid nutritional transition. We aimed to describe the consumption of SSBs among junior high school students and explore the relationship between SSB intake and adolescents’ overweight/obesity in Beijing.

▪ Keyword : folic acid, indigenous population, policy, nutrition policy, cohort studies

▪ Content : Socioeconomically vulnerable groups in developed countries suffer excess chronic disease due in large part to an energy dense but nutrient poor diet. Low folate can be a marker of poor dietary quality and is also affected by smoking and chronic alcohol intake, all of which cluster in groups with a low socioeconomic position.

▪ Keyword : olic acid, neural tube defects, fortification, health behaviour, nutrition policy

▪ Content : To reduce the risk of neural tube defects, the New Zealand Ministry of Health recommends women take supplemental folic acid from at least one month preconception until the end of the twelfth week of pregnancy, as well as consume folate-rich foods.

▪ Keyword : adolescents, China, Chinese dietary guidelines, food group intake, nutrients

▪ Content : Food group intake in adolescents has many health implications. However, no study has been conducted to assess food group intake among Chinese adolescents. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate food group intakes among Chinese adolescents living in Guangzhou city and the proportion of adolescents surveyed meeting the Chinese dietary guidelines, and the Chinese food pagoda for a balanced diet 2007.

▪ Keyword : metabolic syndrome (MS), insulin receptor (INSR) gene, NsiI Polymorphism, ethnic Yi, China

▪ Content : Insulin resistance has been a possible underlying pathophysiologic defect inducing the metabolic syndrome (MS). However association studies regarding Insulin receptor gene in different ethnic groups are scarce in literature. Here we conduct an association study between MS and genetic polymorphism of the INSR gene in Yi and Han Chinese. In a cross-sectional study, 3,436 Yi and Han people were investigated.

▪ Keyword : Sasang constitutional medicine, Sasang typology, eating behaviour, appetite, review

▪ Content : Eating behaviours may be implicated in the increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders. The Sasang typology, a unique form of traditional Korean medicine, classifies individuals into four constitutional types that differ in a distinctive complex of external manifestations and innate natures, including eating behaviours.

▪ Keyword : intestinal fistula, cutaneous fistula, parenteral nutrition, enteral nutrition, intestinal secretions

▪ Content : An enterocutaneous (EC) fistula is referred to as a channel between the gut and the skin. Effluent of an EC fistula of more than 500 ml per day is considered as high output. Patients with high output EC fistulae have a high morbidity and mortality rate. No evidence-based guidelines are available for this condition and more research is required to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.

▪ Keyword : resting energy expenditure, indirect calorimetry, mechanical ventilation, APACHE II score, predictive equation for energy expenditure

▪ Content : The aim of this study was to compare resting energy expenditure (REE) obtained by indirect calorimetry (IC) and Harris-Benedict (H-B) equations, and to examine whether hypocaloric nutrition support could improve protein nutritional status in mechanically ventilated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thirty three COPD patients (20 males, 13 females) were recruited and REE was measured by IC.

▪ Keyword : anthropometry, body measure, body height, linear models, Thai

▪ Content : Height is an important clinical parameter. However, there were no specific measurements available for particular clinical situations. Although many anthropometric measurements were suggested, no formula was recommended in Thailand. The objective of this study was to develop a formula for height prediction with acceptable validity. Two thousand volunteers were included and were divided consecutively according to both age and gender.

▪ Keyword : dietary assessment, food frequency questionnaire, validity, India, dietary intake

▪ Content : The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for use in urban and rural India. A single FFQ was developed for use in cities and rural areas of four regions of India.

▪ Keyword : educational activities, micronutrients, fortified, weight gain, mildly wasted children

▪ Content : To assess the impact of intensive nutrition education (INE) with or without the provision of micronutrient powder (MNP) on the nutritional status of mildly wasted children in Nias, Indonesia, two groups of mildly wasted (≥-1.5 to <-1.0 WHZ) children aged ≥6 to <60 months in the Church World Service (CWS) project areas were assigned by village randomization to receive INE (n=64) or INE+MNP (n=51) in a weekly program.

▪ Keyword : ready-to-use foods, fortified, supplementary feeding, mildly wasted children, weight gain

▪ Content : Ready-to-Use Foods (RUFs) in the form of fortified cereal/nut/legume-based biscuits (±500 kcal and 8-10% protein per 100 g) were tested among mildly wasted children from October 2007 to June 2008, and were labelled as RUF-Nias biscuits. This study reports on a comparison of supplementary feeding program outcomes of mildly wasted children with weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) ≥-2 to <-1.5 SD aged ≥6 to <60 months old given locally produced RUF-Nias biscuits within daily (in semi-urban areas) and weekly (in rural remote regions) distribution and supervision program settings.

▪ Keyword : glutamine, diarrhea, chemotherapy, meta-analysis, prophylactic

▪ Content : The clinical efficacy of glutamine in the control of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis, including as many randomized control trails (RCTs) as possible, to clarify the effectiveness of prophylactic glutamine in patients requiring chemotherapy.

▪ Keyword : wasting, starvation, sarcopenia, cachexia, aged

▪ Content : Nutritional status is often impaired in ambulatory rehabilitation patients. Wasting conditions can be classified as starvation, sarcopenia or cachexia but differences between these are not well defined, and misdiagnosis may lead to inappropriate intervention. A secondary analysis of data from 187 ambulatory rehabilitation patients aged ≥60 years aimed to identify patients with one or more wasting condition, and investigate the impact on common rehabilitation outcomes.