Volume 25 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : vitamin D, 25(OH)D, children, SEANUTS, aetiology

▪ Content : The South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS) were conducted in 2010/2011 in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam in country representative samples totalling 16,744 children aged 0.5 to 12 years. Information on socio-demographic and behavioural variables was collected using questionnaires and anthropometric variables were measured. In a sub-sample of 2016 children, serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) was determined. Data were analysed using SPSS complex sample with weight factors to report population representative data.

▪ Keyword : fibroblast growth factor-23, phosphorus, calcium, bone mineral density, young Japanese women

▪ Content : Phosphorus homeostasis is determined by dietary intake, intestinal absorption, and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphorus. Serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is considered to be a sensitive early biomarker of disordered phosphorus metabolism in both patients with chronic kidney diseases and healthy subjects. However, the number of studies evaluating serum FGF-23 concentrations in healthy subjects is limited.

▪ Keyword : body composition, bone mineral density, lactation, android fat percentage, urban Indian women

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Lactation places enormous demands on maternal bone mineral homeostasis. Indian middle class women (MSC) consume energy dense food supplements to meet these demands post-partum (PP) along with restricted physical activity (PA). Effects of these changes on body composition (BC) of PP women have not been studied. To examine longitudinal changes in: a) bone mineral density (BMD) at total body (TB), AP-spine (APS) and dual femur neck regions (DF) b) BC by body weight, lean mass, fat mass using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline, 6-months and 1-year in urban MSC women.

▪ Keyword : vitamin A, metabolic syndrome, obesity, school-age children, body mass index

▪ Content : The aim of our study was to examine the association of vitamin A status with obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MS) in school-age children in Chongqing, China. A cross-sectional study was conducted of 1,928 children aged 7~11 years from 5 schools in Chongqing, China. Body height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure were measured.

▪ Keyword : workforce, Evidence-based Nutrition (EBN), Clinical Nutrition Practice Guidelines (CNPG)

▪ Content : Effective clinical nutrition practice depends on a sound knowledge of biomedical, societal and environmental science and the skills to diagnose, prevent and manage the health problems related to food patterns, energy equilibrium (mostly to do with physical activity) and nutrient metabolism. Its delivery needs to be accessible, equitable, affordable and sustainable.

▪ Keyword : glutamine, enteral, immune-enhancing formula, critically ill patients, systematic review

▪ Content : Critically ill patients usually suffer from catabolic stress that could lead to malnutrition and nutritional support therefore is essential to maintain lean body mass, improve metabolic and immune response and decrease rate of mortality and comorbidity in these patients. This meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate effect of glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in critically ill patients.

▪ Keyword : enteral nutrition, malnutrition, subjective global assessment, parenteral nutrition, Vietnam

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The nutritional status and hospital feeding practices of surgical patients in Vietnam are not well documented. Based on a cross-sectional study at Bach Mai Hospital (BMH), the prevalence of malnutrition was found to be 33% in the surgical ward using a body mass index (BMI<18.5 kg/m2. We conducted an observational study over a three month period to evaluate the feeding practices in the gastrointestinal (GI) surgery ward at Bach Mai Hospital (BMH) in Hanoi, Vietnam.

▪ Keyword : neurological disorders, enteral nutrition, practices, tertiary hospitals, survey

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: With the development of enteral nutrition in patients with neurological disorders in China, related guidelines were published in 2011. The Chinese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition conducted a survey to evaluate the status quo of enteral nutrition practices in these patients.

▪ Keyword : food intolerance, ulcerative colitis, seropositive, dietary patterns

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Food intolerance is believed to be a source of frequent medical problems in ulcerative colitis (UC), which closely correlate with patients’ dietary pattern. Living in an underdeveloped area of China, residents in southwestern region have diverse dietary habits. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of food intolerance in the UC patients in this area and to discuss some of the possible risk factors leading to the condition.

▪ Keyword : body mass index, outcome, mortality, intensive care unit, Japanese

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: A recent observational study conducted in European intensive care units (ICU) showed that body mass index (BMI) is associated with mortality. We hypothesized that a lower BMI amongst critically ill Japanese patients was associated with increased hospital mortality, similar to findings noted among critically ill European patients. Therefore, we retrospectively investigated the relationship between BMI and patient outcomes in an ICU.

▪ Keyword : childhood obesity, health status, perception, weight management, Taiwan

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Predictive factors for parental accuracy in perception of their children’s weight and state of health have been unknown in Taiwan. Methods and Study Design: Data were obtained on children aged 3-12 years from the 2005 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

▪ Keyword : actual height, estimated height, knee height, Thai women, validation

▪ Content : Knee height has been the most frequently used measure for height prediction where full height is difficult to measure. The aim of this study was to develop and validate predictive equations using knee height to estimate the height of Thai women.

▪ Keyword : coffee, gastric cancer, meta-analysis, epidemiologic study, risk factor

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide, and many studies have investigated the association between coffee consumption and gastric cancer. However, the results are inconsistent. We conducted a systematic analysis of relevant population studies to derive a more precise estimation.

▪ Keyword : nutrition education, school children, obesity, systemic review, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: School-based nutrition education has been widely implemented in recent years to fight the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity in China. Methods and Study Design: A comprehensive literature search was performed using six databases to identify studies of school-based nutrition education interventions in China.

▪ Keyword : atopic dermatitis, processed foods, coffee, instant noodles, meat consumption

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) is continuously increasing in industrialized countries, possibly due to dietary and lifestyle changes. However, the association between processed food intake and AD has not been studied in a large adult population. Methods and Study Design: We investigated the association between dietary habits and AD in 17,497 adults in the 2009-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

▪ Keyword : vitamin D receptor, type 2 diabetes mellitus, genetic polymorphism, association, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) genetic polymorphisms are considered to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but this is inconclusive. The aim of this study is to quantify the association between polymorphisms of BsmI and FokI in the VDR gene and T2DM risk through literature review.

▪ Keyword : concerns, disaster, flood, infant feeding, Kelantan

▪ Content : The flood that hit Kelantan in December 2014 was the worst in Malaysian history. Women and their infants accounted for a large proportion of the people at risk who were badly affected, as almost half of the population in Kelantan was in the reproductive age group. This report serves to raise awareness that breastfeeding mothers and infants are a special population with unique needs during a disaster.

▪ Keyword : congenital chylous ascites, neonate, optimal treatment, rice soup, parenteral nutrition

▪ Content : Congenital chylous ascites in the neonatal period is a rare entity. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), medium chain triglyceride (MCT)-based diet, octreotide and repeated paracentesis are regarded as appropriate medical treatment for congenital chylous ascites, and surgery is recommended when conservative therapy has failed. We present two cases in which ascites were confirmed via an abdominal sonogram and diagnostic paracentesis. In our clinical experience, rice soup combined with PN can be a safe and effective intervention.

▪ Keyword : vitamins, guidelines, parenteral nutrition, vitamin D, micronutrients

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This work represents the second part of a progressive review of AuSPEN’s 1999 Guidelines for Provision of Micronutrient Supplementation in adult patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Methods and Study Design: A systematic literature review was undertaken and recommendations made based on the available evidence and with consideration to specific elements of the Australian and New Zealand (NZ) practice environment. The strength of evidence underpinning each recommendation was assessed. A multidisciplinary steering committee and external reviewers provided feedback on the guidelines.

▪ Keyword : cystine, glutamine, celiac disease, endomysial antibody

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Glutamine is a nonessential amino acid which improves intestinal mucosal regeneration and absorption. Glutathione is a vital molecule for antioxidant reactions and is synthesized from cystine. The first aim of the study is to measure the plasma glutamine and cystine in children with celiac disease (CD) and compare them with controls. The second aim of this study is to investigate whether these amino acids are correlated with endomysial antibody (EMA) or not.

▪ Keyword : nutritional status, intertrochanteric fractures, mortality, elderly people, albumin

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the contributing value of nutrition related blood parameters to one-year mortality following intertrochanteric fracture surgery in a Chinese population over the age of 65. Methods and Study Design: Nutritional status was evaluated by using admission serum albumin and total lymphocyte count (TLC). One hundred and seventy-four intertrochanteric fracture patients were entered into this study for nutritional status assessment.

▪ Keyword : iron status, vitamin A, serum retinol, small nutrient-rich fish, Bangladesh

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) is a nutrient-rich, small fish found in ponds and rice fields in Bangladesh. The aim of the present intervention was to assess the effect of mola consumption on iron status in children with marginal vitamin A status.

▪ Keyword : fresh vertebral fracture, MRI, mortality, hypoalbminemia, renal function

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Reports on the mortality and its contributing factors after vertebral fracture (VFx) has been scarce, and limited to prevalent VFx. In this paper, we have studied the factors influencing mortality after freshly diagnosed VFx.

▪ Keyword : energy density, vegetable volume, Visual Analog Scale, satiety, dietary guidelines

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Although high energy density foods are highly palatable, their overconsumption leads to obesity because of high fat content. Low energy density foods are more effective for preventing individuals from becoming overweight. We investigated how different amounts of a single vegetable affect the sensory properties of meals with different energy densities.

▪ Keyword : Ficus carica, constipation, defecation, colonic transit time, clinical trials

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Constipation affects up to 20% of the world’s population. The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with Ficus carica paste could be used to treat constipation in Korean subjects with functional constipation.

▪ Keyword : early diet intervention, nutrition, TIPS, hepatic encephalopathy, cirrhosis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Hepatic encephalopathy is a common complication in patients who have received transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) as treatment for cirrhosis. The objective of this study was to reduce the incidence of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy for these patients via positive diet intervention. Methods and Study Design: As a control group, 99 cirrhosis patients who underwent TIPS treatment in our department between August 2011 and February 2013 were chosen.