Volume 29 Issue 4

▪ Keyword : diet, brown fat tissue, energy metabolism, obesity, overweight

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Obesity is caused by excessive fat accumulation or abnormal fat distribution and has become one of the biggest health challenges worldwide. Considering the high thermogenic ability of brown fat tissue (BAT) and the plasticity of fat tissue, to induce the browning of white fat tissue (WAT), so increasing BAT activity provides an attractive option for the prevention and resolution of obesity. The aim of the present narrative review was to understand the relationship between diet, BAT, and obesity. Methods and Study Design: PubMed and Embase databases were searched to identify eligible studies

▪ Keyword : enteral nutrition, bibliometry, visualization analysis, developing trends, research hotspots

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study aimed to describe and analyze the research outputs on enteral nutri-tion, which is the administration of food through the gastrointestinal tract for nutrition maintenance. Methods and Study Design: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection database for original publications on enteral nutrition research from 2010 to 2019. HistCite and VOSviewer software were used for analysis and visualization of the publication outputs, journals, institutions, keywords, cocitations, and collaborations among authors in different countries or regions.

▪ Keyword : congenital anorectal malformation, growth, infant, anemia

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To evaluate the impacts of fistula status over 12 months on growth and devel-opment and anemia in infants with anorectal malformation (ARM) and to analyze the effects of comorbidi-ties. Methods and Study Design: The ARM group included infants who suffered from ARM and underwent three operations including colostomy, anoplasty (group A) and fistula closure (group B). The normal group included infants aged approximately 6 months and 12 months who were classified as groups C and D. A 24-h dietary recall questionnaire was completed by the guardians of all the participants.

▪ Keyword : ursodeoxycholic acid, nonalcoholic fatty liver, alanine aminotransferase, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trial

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The role of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not well-defined. In this meta-analysis, we analyzed the efficacy of UDCA for the treatment of NAFLD. Methods and Study Design: We searched the Web of Science, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane li-brary databases for relevant studies published before September 1, 2019.

▪ Keyword : nutritional status, gastric cancer, surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, prognosis

▪ Content : This study investigated whether changes in nutritional parameters before and after chemotherapy were asso-ciated with survival among patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods and Study De-sign: We retrospectively reviewed data from 77 Chinese patients who had undergone gastrectomy for stage III gastric cancer at a single center. Laboratory data from before and after chemotherapy were collected re-garding peripheral albumin, prealbumin, total protein, hemoglobin, and total cholesterol concentrations.

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, sarcopenia, osteoporosis, hemodialysis, cognitive impairment

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Inadequate nutrition in patients on hemodialysis causes various complications. This study aimed to investigate the association between nutritional status and risk of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment in patients on hemodialysis. Methods and Study Design: We enrolled 131 older patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) was used to assess nutritional status. Patients were divided into quartile groups according to the GNRI.

▪ Keyword : sarcopenia, skeletal muscle index, readmissions, trauma

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: It is widely recognized that sarcopenia increases postoperative complications in trauma patients. However, the effects on prognosis remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sarcopenia on 90-day readmission and overall survival (OS) in abdominal trauma patients. Methods and Study Design: 485 consecutive patients who underwent abdominal surgery after trauma in our institution were enrolled. Sarcopenia was diagnosed with low muscle mass and low muscle strength-handgrip.

▪ Keyword : zinc, vitamin A, supplementation, immune response, preschool children

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Vitamin A and zinc are interrelated, but the effects of zinc on vitamin A sup-plementation on morbidity are inconsistent and not well understood. We investigated the effects of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune responses in Indonesian pre-schoolers. Methods and Study Design: In a two-stage study design, 826 children (2-5year old) were randomly assigned to receive daily zinc supple-ment (10 mg) or placebo for 4 months. At 2 months, both groups received a 200,000 IU vitamin A capsules through national vitamin A program.

▪ Keyword : chicken-based, oral nutritional supplement, older adults, gait speed, bone marker

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: A considerable proportion of older adults are lactose intolerant. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical safety, efficacy, and tolerability of a chicken-based oral nutritional sup-plement (ONS). Methods and Study Design: Double-blind randomized controlled trial. Subjects in the inter-vention group received chicken-based ONS, and those in the control group received a similarly flavored oral fluid placebo. All subjects were followed-up every two months for a total of 6 months.

▪ Keyword : Camellia seed oil, cardiovascular risk factors, three-arm double-blind randomized controlled feeding trial, traditional Chinese cooking, high risk of cardiovascular disease

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: As the Chinese economy has developed, dietary patterns have modernized, thereby increasing the incidence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Many observa-tional studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet based on olive oil is associated with a decreased inci-dence of CVD. This article aims to study the possible effects of dietary models by using three edible oils: ol-ive oil, camellia seed oil (CSO), and soybean oil. CSO has a fatty acid composition similar to that olive oil and is unique in China, and soybean oil is a dietary oil used in traditional Chinese cooking.

▪ Keyword : hyperuricemia, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, obesity

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To evaluate the association between anthropometric parameter of obesity and newly diagnosed hyperuricemia (HUA) in a general Chinese population. Methods and Study Design: A pop-ulation-based cross-sectional survey included 9 615 participants (3777 men and 5838 women) aged 35-74 years in 2006 and 2009 in Qingdao, China. The multivariate linear regression was used to assess the linear associations between anthropometric parameter of obesity [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)] and serum uric acid.

▪ Keyword : uterine fibroids, premenopausal women, dietary diversity score, plant-based food variety score, Prime Diet Quality Score

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common neoplasm affecting reproductive-age women. The purpose of the present study is to explore the association between dietary diversity and risk of UFs in a cross-sectional study of urban premenopausal women. Methods and Study Design: A total of 248 urban premenopausal women with age of 20-45 were recruited in 3 randomly chosen hospitals in Shijia-zhuang, China. Dietary diversity was assessed from food frequency intake data using dietary diversity score (DDS), Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) and food variety score (FVS).

▪ Keyword : iodine intake, repeated spot urine samples, UIC, 24h-UIE, individual iodine assessment

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Urinary iodine is an essential index of iodine nutrition evaluation. To establish the number of repeated spot urine collections necessary to reflect individual iodine status over 2 months and assess its feasibility to serve as an independent indicator of individual iodine status. Methods and Study De-sign: We performed a longitudinal, 2-months study from May to June in 2015 of 23 apparently healthy Chi-nese women aged 18 to 44 (32±9) y.

▪ Keyword : pregnancy, thyroid, structure, function, urine iodine concentration

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Thyroid disease in pregnancy can have devastating effect on the fetus. In Har-bin, China, there is insufficient knowledge about the incidence of and contributing factors to thyroid disease in pregnancy. This study investigates whether urine iodine concentration (UIC), as a proxy for iodine intake, affects the thyroid structure and/or function during each trimester. Methods and Study Design: Data of 24000 pre-pregnant women were collected from January 2017 to August 2019. Serum thyroid hormone lev-els were measured, and thyroid ultrasonography was performed.

▪ Keyword : birth anthropometry, WHO growth standards, Sri Lanka, infant nutrition, parental height

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The nutritional status of infants is assessed using the WHO growth references, based on the Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) in many countries including Sri Lanka. Birth pa-rameters define infant growth curves. The aim of this study was to compare the birth anthropometric data of a healthy population of babies born in Colombo, Sri Lanka with the WHO MGRS birth data and determine its suitability for assessment of growth in this population. Methods and Study Design: Birth data were obtained as part of a study on longitudinal infant body composition from birth to 2 years from 2015-2019.

▪ Keyword : preterm infant, nutrition, amino acid, mass spectrometry, metabolism

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Neonatal nutrition is critical for the growth and development of preterm infants. Dynamic changes in the amino acid profiles in preterm infants of different gestational ages and in different nutritional periods were investigated. Methods and Study Design: Premature infants who received parenteral nutrition support after birth were enrolled and divided into four groups based on their gestational ages. Blood samples were collected as a dried blood spot before nutritional support, and in the total parenteral nutrition, partial parenteral nutrition, and total enteral nutrition periods.

▪ Keyword : milk consumption, poor rural areas, student nutrition improvement, China, nutritional status

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Milk promotes the growth of children’s height. However, the relationship be-tween milk consumption and anemia or obesity remain unclear. We explored the association between milk consumption and the nutritional status of poor rural Chinese students, including anemia, height, weight, mal-nutrition, and overweight/obesity. Methods and Study Design: A total of 22,315 students aged 8–16 years were recruited. The frequency of milk consumption and other information were investigated using the ques-tionnaire. Students’ morning fasting height, weight, and whole-blood hemoglobin were measured.

▪ Keyword : nutrient intake, type 2 diabetes mellitus, case-control study, nutrition education, life quality

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Diet is a modifiable risk factor of T2DM with the potential to improve the pa-tients’ quality of life. The diet–diabetes relationship has received considerable attention in past decades. This study describes dietary intake of nutrients in a matched case-control study of adults with and without T2DM. Methods and Study Design: Dietary nutrient intake was evaluated by semi-quantitative FFQ and biochemical indexes were studied in enrolled 207 participants with T2DM (diabetes group) and 215 healthy participants (control group).

▪ Keyword : dietary selenium, serum selenium, coronary heart disease, all-cause mortality, NHANES

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the associations of dietary selenium and serum selenium concentration with coronary heart disease (CHD) prevalence and all-cause mortality among participants in United States. Methods and Study Design: Using data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2006, 17867 individuals were included. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associations between dietary selenium intake and serum seleni-um concentration and prevalent of CHD.

▪ Keyword : Vitamin D deficiency, lipid profiles, cross-sectional study, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, northwest China

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with various health conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between the serum 25OHD concentration and lipid profiles in Chinese individuals. Methods and Study Design: Serum 25OHD and lipid profiles were obtained for a cross sectional sample of 10100 individuals aged 40-75 years from Lanzhou city, which is located in western China. Linear-by-linear association, partial correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analy-sis were used to evaluate associations between serum 25OHD concentration and lipid profiles.

▪ Keyword : depressive symptoms, folate, NHANES, synthetic folic acid, natural folate

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: In the United States, synthetic folic acid has become an important source of folate in the era of mandatory folic acid fortification. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between total folate, natural folate and synthetic folic acid intakes and depressive symptoms among US adults. Meth-ods and Study Design: Cross-sectional data was collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examina-tion Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016. Dietary data were obtained through two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Depressive symptoms were detected by PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), participants whose depres-sion scores over 10 points were diagnosed as depressive symptoms.

▪ Keyword : overweight, underweight, blood pressure, lipids, glycated hemoglobin A1c

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Pediatric obesity is associated with clustered cardiometabolic risk and the fu-ture incidence of cardiovascular disease. However, few studies have determined the effect of pediatric obesi-ty in Asia, where obesity is less common than in Western countries. We aimed to clarify whether weight sta-tus including underweight and slightly overweight is associated with metabolic risk factors in Japanese ado-lescents. Methods and Study Design: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 2241 adolescents aged 13–14 years. Participants were classified as underweight, normal weight, slightly overweight, overweight, or obese according to the International Obesity Task Force.

▪ Keyword : diet, food habits, mild cognitive impairment, elderly, cross-sectional study

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Diet plays a crucial role in cognition. Mild cognitive impairment has a high prevalence in rural elderly people. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between diet and mild cognitive impairment among rural elderly people in China. The study evaluated the association between diet and the risk of mild cognitive impairment among them. Methods and Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 1262 participants (≥65 years) living in rural Qingdao, China.

▪ Keyword : food literacy, tool development, factor analysis, food choice, dietary behavior

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: There is little research on the development and validation of measurement tools to evaluate integrative concepts of food literacy; however, this is a growing research area. Methods and Study Design: A food literacy measurement tool for young Korean adults was developed in three phases: (1) tool development and content validation using the Delphi method (2) pilot testing (n=108) and (3) confirma-tory study (n=435) and internal consistency using Cronbach’s α and the test-retest for reliability.

▪ Keyword : takeaway meals, nutritional value, nutritional composition, China, nutritional evaluation

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The popularity of takeaway has caused health problems. To analyse the basic nutrients and composition of popular takeaway meals in Chengdu, China. Methods and Study Design: We randomly collected 105 takeaway meals from takeaway platforms. The quality of ingredients such as grains, vegetables, and meat were assessed and weighed. The samples were then homogenised, and the nutrients were detected following the AOAC Official Methods of Analysis.