Volume 30 Issue 1

▪ Keyword : Elderly outpatients, malnutrition, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002), Nutrition Screening Initiative Checklist (NSI), Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST)

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Malnutrition in elderly individuals is extremely common. In China, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) is often used to assess malnutrition in hospitalized elderly patients, although a gold standard for elderly outpatients is lacking. The Nutrition Screening Initiative Checklist (NSI) and Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) have seldom been validated in elderly outpatients. This open, parallel, multi-center, cross-sectional study evaluated the performance of NRS-2002, the NSI, and the MST in estimating malnutrition risk in elderly outpatients.

▪ Keyword : hepatocellular carcinoma, post-transarterial chemoembolization, nutrition, prognosis, overall survival

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Little is known about nutritional status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after multiple rounds of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). We established a comprehensive nutritional index (CNI) and evaluated its prognostic value for overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP). Methods and Study Design: HCC patients (N=282) who underwent multiple TACE treatments were enrolled. CNI was established by principal component analysis based on body mass index, usual body weight percentage, hemoglobin, total lymphocyte count, and albumin; the cutoff value was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden index analysis.

▪ Keyword : enteral nutrition, coronavirus, feeding, target-reaching rate, supplemental parenteral nutrition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic is spreading all over the world. With the number of cases increasing rapidly, the epidemiological data on the nutritional practice is scarce. In this study, we aim to describe the clinical characteristics and nutritional practice in a cohort of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods and Study Design: This is a multicenter, ambidirectional cohort study conducted at 11 hospitals in Hubei Province, China. All eligible critical COVID-19 patients in the study hospital intensive care units at 00:00, March 6th, 2020, were included. Data collection was performed via written case report forms.

▪ Keyword : critically ill patients, hyperglycemia, semi-elemental formula, polymer formula, enteral nutrition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Stress hyperglycemia is a common condition in critically ill patients. Inappropriate nutritional supplementation may worsen blood glucose control in these patients. The present study aimed to investigate the outcome of blood glucose control status when using various enteral formulas. Methods and Study Design: This retrospective study was conducted at the intensive care unit of a tertiary medical center in central Taiwan. Patients meeting the following inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study: age ≥20 years, respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, and two consecutive blood glucose concentration measurements

▪ Keyword : Alzheimer’s disease, Souvenaid, cognition, clinical trial, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: We conducted this meta-analysis about the effects of Souvenaid on cognition and functional abilities, with the hypothesis that Souvenaid may have beneficial effects in certain groups and the goal of finding the outcome measures, disease states, and so on, applicable for further clinical trials. Methods and Study Design: We searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Only double-blind randomized controlled trials were included. Outcome measurements were cognition, clinical global change, functional ability, and adverse events.

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, enteral nutrition, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) has been widely used since 1980 in enteral feeding of patients that are not able to be fed orally for a long time. The aim of this study is to evaluate the PEG indications, effectiveness and PEG related complications from a single center in Istanbul, Turkey. Methods and Study Design: 265 patients with PEG who were followed up by the clinical nutrition team of a university hospital between 2010-2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002) test, anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis and laboratory data were used to evaluate the patients’ nutritional status.

▪ Keyword : Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT), gastric cancer, disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), cancer prognosis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the correlation between Controlling Nu-tritional Status (CONUT) score and prognosis in gastric cancer patients undergoing total gastrectomy. Meth-ods and Study Design: The clinical data of 245 gastric cancer patients who underwent total gastrectomy in Peking University, First Hospital between January1st 2005 and December 30th 2015 were retrospectively collected. According to the CONUT level, they were divided into high CONUT (>3) group and low CONUT (≤3) group.

▪ Keyword : aminophylline, beclomethasone, enteral nutrition, nutritional status, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of beclomethasone and aminophylline combined with enteral nutrition in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the associated effects of these drugs on patient nutritional status and immune function. Methods and Study Design: In total, 115 elderly patients with COPD were included and were randomized into an enteral nutrition (EN) group and a control (CON) group. Aminophylline, in combination with beclomethasone, was administered to the CON group, whereas aminophylline and beclomethasone in combination with EN was administered to the EN group.

▪ Keyword : tube feeding, diarrhea, ready to hang (RTH), enteral nutrition, pectin-containing formula

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a Ready to Hang (RTH), pectin-containing enteral nutrition on gastrointestinal symptoms and nutrition status. Methods and Study Design: An open-label, ran-domized, prospective controlled study. Thirty hospitalized patients with tube feeding for 9 days or more. In-tervention: A pectin-containing enteral formula (Hine E-Gel®) or a standard polymeric formula (Ensure®) was administered for 1 week. Administration methods: Administered via a nasogastric tube 4 times per day (every 6 hours), 30 minutes per administration.

▪ Keyword : diabetes, dietary folate, dietary vitamin B-12, dietary vitamin B-6, dose-response

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association of folate, vitamin B-12 and vitamin B-6 from diet and supplements with diabetes and prediabetes in U.S. adults. Methods and Study Design: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2016 to conduct this cross-sectional study. Diabetes and prediabetes status were based on self‐report, medication use, fasting plasma glucose levels (FPG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and the two hours plasma glucose (PG) value during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

▪ Keyword : nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, dose-response

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: PUFAs play critical roles in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver dis-ease (NAFLD). This study examined the associations between dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFA intake and NAFLD risk in a US population. Methods and Study Design: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examina-tion Survey (NHANES) 2007–2014 was used in this cross-sectional study. Data on dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFAs were extracted through two 24-h dietary recall interviews, and the dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFA intakes were adjusted by weight.

▪ Keyword : pregnant women, iodine status, thyroid hormones, urinary iodine

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the status of iodine nutrition and thyroid function of women at different phases of gestation in an iodine sufficient rural area. Methods and Study De-sign: 215 pregnant women in different trimesters were consecutively enrolled in iodine sufficient rural areas of Yongjing county of Gansu province, China. The blood samples and random urine samples were collected from them, and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin (FT4), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and urinary iodine were measured.

▪ Keyword : formula feeding, breastfeeding, immune development, diarrhea rate, respiratory infection rate

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The worldwide exclusive breastfeeding rate is suboptimal and this study aims to evaluate effects on infant immune development of formula feeding. Methods and Study Design: A pro-spective study including 221 infants fed with breast milk or formula was conducted. At 3-month and 9-month, the concentrations of total immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, IgA, IgG1, IgG2, interleukin (IL)-4, interfer-on-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by using enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay (ELISA). Natural killer (NK) cell activity and lymphocyte transformation testing were conducted. Furthermore, the occurrence of infantile diarrhea, respiratory infections and allergic diseases were questioned.

▪ Keyword : ketogenic dietary treatment, children, anaemia, haemoglobin, blood lipids

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study evaluated the impact of 12 months of ketogenic dietary treatment (KDT) on growth in Chinese infants with refractory epilepsy. Methods and Study Design: The KDT group included patients who were divided into groups A (age 6-12 months), B (12-24 months) and C (24-36 months). The normal group included infants aged approximately 6-12 months, 12-24 months and 24-36 months who were classified into groups A1, B1 and C1, respectively. Data on height, weight, aspartate trans-aminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, and haemoglobin (Hb) were extracted from the medical records. Then, we compa...

▪ Keyword : tuberculosis (TB), meat, diet, food frequency questionnaire, China

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Information regarding the relationship between dietary meat intake and tuber-culosis treatment outcomes among patients with tuberculosis is still limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between meat consumption and tuberculosis treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods and Study Design: A pulmonary tuberculosis cohort study including 2,261 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was conducted in Linyi, Shandong Province, China from 2009 to 2013.

▪ Keyword : chili pepper, capsaicin, gastric cancer, dose response, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The correlation between chili pepper intake and gastric cancer (GC) risk has been controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis of 16 studies to provide updated evidence for this uncer-tainty. Methods and Study Design: Medline, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched to obtain all qualified literature related to pepper consumption and GC incidence before June 2020. Random effects models were adopted to integrate the relative risk of individual studies. The Newcas-tle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the literature of each included study. Dose response meta-analysis was implemented through the one-stage robust error meta-regression (REMR) approach.

▪ Keyword : fish, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, stroke, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Although fish consumption or omega-3 intake is associated with cardio- cere-brovascular disease including stroke, their correlation is still controversial. Therefore, this meta-analysis is to identify the relationship between the risk of stroke and fish consumption or omega-3 intake. Methods and Study Design: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases as of May 2019. Multi-variate-adjusted risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for stroke in different level intake of fish or Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC ω3-PUFAs) were pooled using a random-effects me-ta-analysis. A dose-response analysis was conducted with the 2-stage generalized least-squares trend program.

▪ Keyword : Omega-3 fatty acids, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, observational study, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Previous observational epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent find-ings on the association between dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and endocrine-related gynecological cancer including ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer. This study aimed to investigate this association us-ing a meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods and Study Design: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library by using keywords related to the topic in December 2019. The pooled odd ratios (pORs), pooled relative risks (pRRs), or pooled hazard ratios (pHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated based on a random-effects model. Also, we performed subgroup analyses by methodological quality, type of cancer, study design, and type of omega-3 fatty a...

▪ Keyword : adolescents, dietary patterns, smartphone use, addictive potential, sensation seeking

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Diet and smartphone use are daily routines that can affect adolescents’ mental health. This study investigated whether the frequency of the consumption of certain foods is associated with the duration of smartphone use and problems caused by smartphone overuse in adolescents. Methods and Study Design: Food consumption and smartphone use were investigated in 62,276 Korean adolescents aged 12–18 years by using a nationwide self-report survey. Food intake was assessed on a seven-point scale (“never” to “1, 2, and 3 or more times per day”) for nine items: fruits, vegetables, milk, soda, energy drinks, sweetened beverages, fast food, instant noodles, and snacks. The durations of smartphone use and problem-atic use were determined using self-report items.

▪ Keyword : reporting quality, observational studies, nutrition journals, STROBE-nut statement, medical publications

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Observational studies play a vital role in nutrition journals, but no studies have assessed the reporting quality of observational studies after the publication of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE)–nutritional epidemiology (STROBE-nut) statement in 2016. This study assessed the reporting quality of observational studies published in high-impact-factor nutri-tion journals by using the STROBE-nut statement and explored factors affecting the reporting quality. Meth-ods and Study Design: All observational studies published in those journals were retrieved using the PubMed database from inception to May 1, 2019.