Volume 32 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : phase angle, extracellular water, sarcopenia, malnutrition, cardiovascular disease

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Extracellular water is increased in patients with edema, such as those with chronic heart failure, and it is difficult to assess skeletal muscle mass with the skeletal muscle mass index when extracellular water is high. We investigated the relationship between phase angle and physical function, nutritional indices, and sarcopenia in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including chronic heart failure. Methods and Study Design: In 590 patients with cardiovascular diseases (372 men), handgrip strength, gait speed, and anterior mid-thigh muscle thickness by ultrasound were measured, and the skeletal muscle mass index, phase angle, and the extracellular water: total body water ratio were measured with a bioelectrical im-pedance analyzer, and presence of sarcop...

▪ Keyword : SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, omega-3 fatty acids, pandemic, mortality

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Emerging expert consensuses and guidelines recommend that omega-3 fatty acids may have anti-inflammatory effects in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, these recommendations are based on pathophysiological studies of inflammation rather than direct clinical evidence. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods and Study Design: We re-trieved literature from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Cochrane Library databases up to May 1, 2023.

▪ Keyword : acute kidney injury, continuous renal replacement therapy, intensive care unit, nutritional support

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement thera-py are at high risk of malnutrition. Nutritional support is an important part of treatment for patients with criti-cal illness admitted to the intensive care unit. We aimed to investigate the status of nutritional provision and the effects of nutritional support on clinical outcomes. Methods and Study Design: Our institution’s medical records (from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021) were analyzed in this retrospective cohort study. We included 43 patients aged >18 years who received continuous renal replacement therapy for acute kidney in-jury in the surgical intensive care unit.

▪ Keyword : sarcopenia, stroke, function outcome, modified ranking scale, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with stroke. However, the relationship be-tween sarcopenia and poor functional outcome of patients with acute stroke remains unknown. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the above association. Methods and Study Design: Ob-servational studies which evaluated the influence of sarcopenia on functional outcome in patients with acute stroke were retrieved by search the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. A poor functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin scale (mRS) of two or more points during follow-up.

▪ Keyword : food education, Food and Agricultural Education Act, Taiwan, reflexive modernity

▪ Content : In 2022, Taiwan enacted the Food and Agricultural Education Act, thus officially launching its food educa-tion policy. The objective of this article is to elucidate the social background to this Act and current challeng-es to promoting food education. The data were obtained from the relevant literature and interviews with 11 key actors, who represented academia, the government, public education and civil society. Although having much in common with the Japanese equivalent policy, Taiwan’s food education contains some notable fea-tures.

▪ Keyword : sarcopenic obesity, older adults, socioeconomic status, nutrition, MAR

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between socioeconomic factors, dietary intake, and sarcopenic obesity among older adults in Korea. Methods and Study Design: Data from the sev-enth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018) were analyzed. The study in-cluded 3,690 participants (1,645 men and 2,045 women) aged 65 years and older. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as the coexistence of low muscle strength (handgrip strength <28 kg in men and <18 kg in women) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference >90 cm in men and >85 cm in women). Socioeconomic factors assessed included age, living status, residential area, employment, education, and family income level.

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, DRG, CMI, PG-SGA

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Lack of professional and accurate diagnosis of malnutrition led to a reduction in Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) payment and a decrease in Case-Mix Index (CMI). The aim of this study was to explore the effects of adding a proper nutritional diagnosis and modifying complication groups on DRG payment and CMI. Methods and Study Design: Retrospective analysis was performed on patients ad-mitted to the hospital from January to June 2022 who had received a nutritional assessment. Patients were di-agnosed as well-nourished, mild malnutrition, moderate malnutrition or severe malnutrition according to pa-tient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) scores within 24 hours of admission.

▪ Keyword : TyG index, hypertension, lipid parameters, glycemic parameters, medical check-up

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: We aimed to investigate the association of triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index with hypertension and compare the discriminative power of the TyG index, lipid, glycemic parameters for hypertension using the China Health Examination Collaborative study (CHEC Study). Methods and Study Design: Data were collected at Ningbo Mingzhou Hospital and Beijing physical examination center from the CHEC Study during 2014 and 2021. Participants with ≥2 medical check-up times were included.