Volume 19 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : anthropometry, body mass, malnutrition, death, children

▪ Content : BACKGROUND: Malnutrition remains a public health problem and a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among children less than 5 years, in spite of global efforts at improving nutrition. OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of nutritional status, by measured anthropometric indices and derived body composition, on disease outcomes in under-5 children hospitalised in an emergency unit.

▪ Keyword : soy, theory of planned behavior, taste, health, diabetes

▪ Content : The primary objective of this study was to determine the variables associated with intention to consume soy products and identify key variables that could be used as targets in soy nutrition education and consumption promotion. A pre/post-test survey was used during a three session class focused on diabetes that discussed and introduced soy foods.

▪ Keyword : Tonga, body mass index, urban, rural, trend

▪ Content : The purpose of this study was to determine trends in body physique among Tongan adults, between the late 1970s and the 2000s. Two areas were studied: Kolofo'ou town (as an urban area) and ‘Uiha village (as a rural area). Measurements of body weight and height were taken 4 times for all residents in both areas in 1977/79, 1983, 1990, and 2001.

▪ Keyword : overweight, obesity, Fiji, breakfast skipping, adolescents

▪ Content : The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased globally, and population data suggest that it is also increasing among ethnic Fijian youth. Among numerous behavioural changes contributing to overweight in youth residing in nations undergoing rapid economic and social change, meal skipping has not been examined as a potential risk factor.

▪ Keyword : carbohydrate, glycemic load, glycemic index, rice, breast cancer

▪ Content : Despite carbohydrate hypothesis related to breast cancer development, the inter-relationships of carbohydrate measures with risk of breast cancer are unclear. We evaluated the association between the risk of breast cancer and total carbohydrate intake, glycemic load, and glycemic index, and types of rice in a hospital-based casecontrol study.

▪ Keyword : COPD, antioxidants, Taiwan, fruit, vegetable

▪ Content : The imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant plays an important role in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is increasing evidence that individuals with high antioxidative nutrient levels in the diet or in blood tend to maintain better lung function.

▪ Keyword : food system recycling index (FRI), food security, econutrition, food waste, recyclability

▪ Content : The modern food system has evolved into one with highly inefficient activities, producing waste at each step of the food pathway from growing to consumption and disposal. The present challenge is to improve recyclability in the food system as a fundamental need for food and health security.

▪ Keyword : BMI, growth, dietary intakes, adults, Vietnam

▪ Content : In order to assess secular trends in growth of the Vietnamese population following a period of rapid economic growth, a follow-up study on physical growth and nutritional status of adults was carried out in a rural section of the Red River delta, Vietnam 30 years after the original study.

▪ Keyword : lutein, β-carotene, India, wild vegetables, cataract

▪ Content : Carotenoids, especially lutein and β-carotene, offer benefits to human health in general and to eye health in particular. However, more data on the contribution of plant foods to carotenoid intake is of importance for developing strategies for promoting eye health in regions where cataract is highly prevalent such as in South India.

▪ Keyword : obesity, body weights and measures, body mass index (BMI), adiposity, chronic disease

▪ Content : Obesity is a global epidemic, and measures to define it must be appropriate for diverse populations for accurate assessment of worldwide risk. Obesity refers to excess body fatness, but is more commonly defined by body mass index (BMI). Body composition varies among populations: Asians have higher percent body fat (%BF), and Pacific Islanders lower %BF at a given BMI compared to Europeans. Many researchers thus propose higher BMI cut-off points for obesity among Pacific Islanders and lower cut-offs for Asians.

▪ Keyword : adolescent, bone density, calcium, dairy products, quantitative ultrasound measurement

▪ Content : Introduction: There is little evidence regarding the effects of dairy product intake on bone mineralization among late adolescents, especially in Asians. The aim of this study was to determine the association between dairy product intake and bone strength as measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in a large Japanese population.

▪ Keyword : hypernatremia, dehydration, neonates, risk factor, breastfeeding

▪ Content : Introduction: Neonatal hypernatermic dehydration (NHD) is a potentially very serious condition, which has been reported to occur in infants who have breast feeding problems in the first week of the life. This study looked at the incidence, risk factors, clinical symptoms and complications of NHD in healthy breastfed term neonates.

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, under-nutrition, screening tools, validity, reliability

▪ Content : Nutrition screening is a process used to quickly identify those who may be at risk of malnutrition so that a full nutrition assessment and appropriate nutrition intervention can be provided. While many nutrition screening tools have been developed, few have been evaluated for use in older adults in the community setting.

▪ Keyword : book, review

▪ Content : Vegetarian Nutrition (Vegetarische Ernährung) By Claus Leitzmann and Markus Keller Published by Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, German 2010 ISBN: 9783800128938

▪ Keyword : instant flour, ready-to-cook flour, α-amylase, energy density, energy intake

▪ Content : Extrusion cooking and amylase addition are two processing methods used for the preparation of high energy dense (ED) gruels of suitable consistency. A quantitative study of energy and nutrient intakes of 67 infants aged 6 to 10 months in rural areas in Vietnam was carried out to compare the effects of these processes used alone or in combination.

▪ Keyword : infant obesity, feeding practices, breastfeeding, weaning, migration

▪ Content : The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of childhood obesity among infants and toddlers from low-income families from three cities in México. This is a cross-sectional study of mothers and their infants and toddlers attending a vaccination centre at three primary care clinics in Tijuana, Tuxtla, and Reynosa.

▪ Keyword : calcium, adolescent, sources, FFQ, Indian

▪ Content : Adequate intake of calcium is important for skeletal growth. Low calcium intake during childhood and adolescence may lead to decreased bone mass accrual thereby increasing the risk of osteoporotic fractures. Our aim was to study dietary calcium intake and sources of calcium in adolescents from lower and upper economic strata in Pune, India.

▪ Keyword : chronic disease, drug discovery, functional foods, oceanic ancestry group, traditional medicine

▪ Content : Investigation into phytochemicals from foods for disease prevention has increased substantially in the last few decades. However, a clear strategy on the selection of the most promising foods for research has been lacking. An ethnobotanical approach represents an effective method which may improve the outcomes of phytochemical research.

▪ Keyword : vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, pregnancy, Indian

▪ Content : Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia predict poor pregnancy outcome, foetal adiposity and insulin resistance. In India amongst practicing clinicians and policy makers there is little appreciation of widespread vitamin B12 deficiency.

▪ Keyword : amino acids, human milk, confinement diet, Chinese mothers, rural north China

▪ Content : This study was designed to investigate the amino acids composition of lactating mothers’ milk and their confinement diet in a town in Northern China, as well as to assess the relation of amino acids content in human milk and diet. Forty lactating mothers age 19 to 35 years participated in the study.

▪ Keyword : childhood obesity, body composition, pediatric measurement, overweight, growth and development

▪ Content : Background: Validity and reliability of skinfold equations in estimating body fat in Chinese Children has not been documented. Objective: Using Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) as a criterion, the validity and reliability of skinfold (SKF) measurement in predicting percent body fat (%fat) of Chinese children in Hong Kong were evaluated.