Volume 26 Issue 5

▪ Keyword : Mediterranean diet, plant based diet, traditional foods, diet pattern, diet index

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The Mediterranean diet has been demonstrated to provide a range of health benefits in observational and clinical trials and adopted by various dietary guidelines. However, a broad range of definitions exist impeding synthesis across trials. This review aims to provide a historical description of Mediterranean diets, from the ancient to the modern, to inform future educational and diet index tool development representing the ‘traditional’ Mediterranean diet.

▪ Keyword : metoclopramide, prevention, pneumonia, enteral feeding; systematic review, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Metoclopramide, a prokinetic agent, has been recommended to reduce incidence of pneumonia, but its efficacy is controversial. Thus, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of metoclopramide for pneumonia in patients fed via nasogastric tube.

▪ Keyword : brown rice, under milled rice, white rice, glycemic response, India

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To evaluate the effect of polishing on the glycemic properties of Indian parboiled brown rice. Methods and Study Design: We evaluated the effect of different degrees of polishing on the glycemic and insulinemic responses of Bapatla (BPT-5204), Indian parboiled Indica rice variety. Brown rice (BR), under milled rice (UMR) and white rice (WR) with 2.3% and 9.7% degree of polishing (DOP), respectively, were prepared and evaluated for the glycemic properties. I

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Obesity has become a global epidemic. In China, 42% of adults and about onefifth of children are overweight or obese. In major cities, about one-third of boys are overweight or obese. This study aimed to understand how children and parents in China make eating and physical activity (PA) decisions, considering individual, family, community, social, and environmental factors, and to collect parents’ recommendations for interventions to promote healthy eating and physical activity.

▪ Keyword : children, fast food, parental mediation, media exposure, Indonesia

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Fast-food companies have been reproached for rising obesity levels due to aggressive marketing tactics targeted at children. They have countered that parents should be held responsible considering their critical role as nutritional gatekeepers. This study examined the comparative effects of media exposure and parental mediation on Indonesian children’s fast food consumption and how the effects compare in the metropolitan versus suburban areas.

▪ Keyword : total fat intake, nutrient intake, diet quality, food group intake, Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Total fat intake is linked to the intake of other nutrients. Little data are available on the extent to which total fat affects diet quality in Japanese people. We investigated the relationship between total fat intake and other nutrient intake using INTERLIPID/ INTERMAP data on Japanese people living in Japan.

▪ Keyword : vitamin D, skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, gait speed, elderly

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) with skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and function among the elderly in an urban area in northern China. Methods and Study Design: A total of 912 participants (316 men, 596 women) aged more than 60 years from 4 communities in Beijing were enrolled.

▪ Keyword : 6-n-propylthiouracil, taste acuity, anthropometry, food intake, food preference

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Differences in anthropometry and food acceptance among tasters and non-tasters of 6-n-propylthiouracil has been well studied in Western countries. However, reports on this issue from Asian countries are still limited. Methods and Study Design: Healthy Japanese students attending Nara Women’s University (n=153) were recruited and classified into 3 groups based on taste sensitivity to a 0.32 mM 6-npropylthiouracil solution as scored on a labeled magnitude scale.

▪ Keyword : iodine deficiency disorder, urinary iodine concentration, universal salt iodisation, pregnant woman, Sabah

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: In 2000, legislation on mandatory universal salt iodisation was enacted in Sabah, Malaysia, to reduce the incidence of iodine deficiency disorders among its population. To evaluate the iodine levels among pregnant women from selected rural divisions in Sabah 13 years after the enactment of the universal salt iodisation programme.

▪ Keyword : breastfeeding, feeding pattern, early childhood caries, meta-analysis, association

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The associations of breastfeeding and early childhood caries (ECC) risk have been evaluated in several epidemiological studies with conflicting results. We performed an update meta-analysis to estimate the association of feeding patterns, breastfeeding durations and ECC risk. Methods and Study Design: Studies were identified through searching Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase from January 1990 to December 2015.

▪ Keyword : obesity, overweight, prevalence, lifestyle, childhood

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Childhood obesity is increasing. However, little is known about the changes in dietary factors and supportive facilities associated with childhood obesity. We aimed to document the changes in various dietary factors and supportive facilities and their associations with obesity among pre-school children.

▪ Keyword : childhood obesity, nutrition, physical activity, school lunch, focus group study

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Obesity has become a global epidemic. In China, 42% of adults and about one-fifth of children are overweight or obese. In major cities, about one-third of boys are overweight or obese. This study aimed to understand how children and parents in China make eating and physical activity (E&PA) decisions, considering individual, family, community, social, and environmental factors, and to collect parents’ recommendations for interventions to promote healthy eating and physical activity.

▪ Keyword : children, fast food, parental mediation, media exposure, Indonesia

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Fast-food companies have been reproached for rising obesity levels due to aggressive marketing tactics targeted at children. They have countered that parents should be held responsible considering their critical role as nutritional gatekeepers. This study examined the comparative effects of media exposure and parental mediation on Indonesian children’s fast food consumption and how the effects compare in the metropolitan versus suburban areas.

▪ Keyword : sleep deprivation, dietary behaviors, physical activity, obesity, Korean adolescents

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Sleep deprivation is a critical public health problem, especially in Korean adolescents. This study aimed to identify the association between sleep duration and dietary behaviors, physical activity, mental status, and nutritional status among high school students in South Korea.

▪ Keyword : kimchi, atopic dermatitis, fermented food, adult, KNHANES

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Many studies have reported that fermented foods have favorable effects in preventing and managing atopic dermatitis (AD). Although kimchi, a major fermented food, is an important part of the traditional diet in Korea, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between AD and kimchi. This study aimed to examine the association between the risk of AD and kimchi intake among Korean adults aged 19 to 49 years.

▪ Keyword : body image, nutritional knowledge, dietary habits, high school students, Korea and China

▪ Content : Background: Adolescence is an important period with rapid physical growth transitioning from childhood to adulthood. Distorted body image can result in eating disorders or inadequate nutrient intakes in adolescence. Limited research has been done with high school boys in both Korea and China. Objectives: To examine body image, weight control behaviors, nutritional knowledge, and dietary habits in Korean and Chinese teenage boys, and to evaluate any differences in these measures between two countries.

▪ Keyword : coffee, coronary heart disease, risk, KNHANES, Framingham risk score

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Although concerns regarding the influence of coffee consumption on human health have accompanied the massive increase in coffee consumption, the effects of coffee intake on the risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) remain controversial. Therefore, we evaluated the association between coffee consumption and CHD risk as estimated using the Framingham risk model in Korean adults.

▪ Keyword : fish, long chain n-3 PUFA, all-cause mortality, dose-response, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The consumption of fish and long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) may influence the risk of all-cause mortality, but the findings have been inconsistent. The current systematic review and meta-analysis is to clarify the association between fish and long chain n-3 PUFA consumption with risk of all-cause mortality.

▪ Keyword : gut health, nutrition, novel probiotics, Asia, intestinal microbes

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The human being is a complex entity, involving interaction between microbes and the human host. Evidence shows that the nutritional value of food is influenced in part by the structure and operations of an individual’s gut microbial community, and food in turn shapes the individual’s microbiome. A conference was held to promote understanding of the intestinal microbiome and its implications for health and disease, particularly among Asian populations.

▪ Keyword : macronutrients, dietary fat, carbohydrate, cardiometabolic risk factors, randomised controlled feeding trial

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Findings from observational studies in China show that increased dietary fat consumption might be a contributor to the developing obesity epidemic. However, some cohort studies suggest that carbohydrate intake, especially from white rice, is a risk factor for obesity, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease in China. Our study aims to determine whether the traditional lower-fat, higher-carbohydrate Chinese or the Western higher-fat, lower-carbohydrate dietary pattern is more effective for weight control and the related cardiometabolic profiles increasingly found among contemporary Chinese.