Volume 30 Issue 4

▪ Keyword : type 2 diabetes mellitus, vitamin C, differentially expressed genes, bioinformatics analysis, pathways

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major global public health problem. Vit-amin C (VC) can improve metabolic dysfunctions associated with T2DM. To establish an association be-tween T2DM and VC metabolism, it is necessary to investigate the biological mechanisms of T2DM and VC. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the underlying pathways and co-expression networks in T2DM and VC using bioinformatics analysis. Methods and Study Design: Data on 15 microarrays about T2DM were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed for genes using the GEO2R online tool. VC–metabolism associated genes were obtained from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD).

▪ Keyword : iron, zinc, dietary intake, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The differences of dietary iron and zinc intakes between patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and controls remain controversial. The meta-analysis aimed to explore the differences of dietary iron and zinc intakes between NAFLD patients and healthy subjects. Methods and Study Design: A systematic literature search was performed up to July 2021 in databases of PubMed, Em-base, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang. Using a random-effects model, the differences of dietary iron and zinc intakes between cases and controls were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 21 studies from 19 articles with 6639 cases were included.

▪ Keyword : dietary diversity score, micronutrient, Filipino, children, adolescents

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The study objective was to assess if Dietary diversity score (DDS) based on counting 10 food groups consumed can be used as an indicator of adequacy of micronutrient intake in Filipi-no children and adolescents. Methods and Study Design: Dietary data of 7448 Filipinos age 3 to 18 years old included in the National Nutrition Survey in 2013 were used to assess the adequacy of intake of iron, vit-amin A, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin. Nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for each micronutrient was computed and these were used to calculate the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) for each individual.

▪ Keyword : vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, children, China

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To investigate the vitamin A, D, E concentrations and status, and analyse the associated risk factors for vitamin A, D, E deficiency in children in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. Methods and Study Design: The study included a total of 25,806 children admitted to hospitals in Shaanxi province from January 2019 to December 2019. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure se-rum vitamin A, D, E concentrations. A logistic regression model was performed to estimate the association between risk factors and vitamin A, D, E deficiency and insufficiency.

▪ Keyword : child undernutrition, mother’s BMI, mother’s height, intergeneration, CNNS, India

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Child undernutrition remains an area of public health concern across the globe, particularly in developing countries like India. Previous studies have focused on the association of maternal nutrition with premature pregnancy and birthweight of child, with few establishing the intergenerational ef-fect but limited to select populations and geography. Methods and Study Design: This study used data from 35,452 children aged under 5 years and their biological mother from nationally representative Comprehen-sive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) in India. The outcome variables were anthropometric indices: height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age. The exposure variables were maternal height and body mass index (BMI).

▪ Keyword : depression, postpartum, diet therapy, exercise therapy, exercise movement techniques

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Globally, there is a high prevalence of postpartum depression (17.7%) reported in a recent study among mothers during the postpartum period. It contributes to poor health and well-being among newly delivered women. We reviewed the published effect of nutrition and physical activity interven-tions on improving and treating postpartum depression. Methods and Study Design: The scoping review was performed using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. The systematic search was conducted using Scopus, Pubmed, EBSCOHost and Google Scholar in April 2020, updated in March 2021.

▪ Keyword : natural disasters, housing, diet, food and nutrition, postpartum period

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Although large-scale natural disasters and the resultant changes in living envi-ronments worsen dietary habits among adults immediately after the disasters, whether this association re-mains for a long period is unclear. This is particularly important for recent mothers because lactating women require additional nutrition for milk production. Thus, we investigated the association of living environments with dietary habits and nutritional intake of recent mothers between four and seven years after the Great East Japan Earthquake (11th March, 2011). Methods and Study Design: We analyzed 8,551 mothers who partici-pated to the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. Living environ-ments were characterized into four categories: “...

▪ Keyword : pregnancy, iodine nutritional status, dietary iodine intake, 7-day dietary record, urine iodine/creatinine ratio

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: An adequate iodine status during pregnancy is very important for maternal and infant health. The aim of this study was to characterize the iodine nutritional status of healthy pregnant wom-en in Chengdu by measuring urinary iodine (UI) and analyzing dietary iodine intake. Methods and Study De-sign: Pregnant women who underwent regular antenatal examinations were invited to participate in this study. Each woman underwent UI determination and urinary creatinine (Cr) measurement and recorded the details of her diet and salt intake at the beginning and end of one week.

▪ Keyword : Malaysia, infection, antenatal, diet, respiratory tract

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Maternal diet during pregnancy may impact infant respiratory morbidity. The aim was to determine the association between antenatal maternal diet and respiratory morbidity of their in-fants during their first 6 months of life. Methods and Study Design: This prospective cohort study included healthy mother-infant pairs. Maternal diet during the last trimester was determined with a validated food fre-quency questionnaire. Infant respiratory morbidity was solicited at 1, 3 and 6 months.

▪ Keyword : perimenopausal period, metabolic syndrome, dietary interventions, resistance movement, perimenopausal women

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of individualised dietary guidance and anti-resistance exercise intervention on blood pressure and metabolic indexes of perimenopausal women. Methods and Study Design: Between June 2018 to August 2018, 78 perimenopausal women were recruited at the Gynaecological Outpatient Department of Beijing Pinggu District Hospital. After coding, they were randomly divided into three groups, A, B and C, by lottery. Group A was required to participate in educa-tional seminars. Group B was required to participate in educational seminars and received individualised die-tary guidance from professional nutritionists. Group C had the same intensive education classes and individ-ualised dietary guidance as Group B, along with intensive...

▪ Keyword : resistant starch, oxidative stress, inflammation, biomarker, meta-analysis, systematic review

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Animal experiments showed that resistant starch (RS) had an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. However, clinical studies showed both insignificant and significant effects of RS on inflammation and oxidative stress. The purpose of this work is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate these effects. Methods and Study De-sign: A systematic literature search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane elec-tronic databases, which included studies from the earliest date of the database to September 2021.

▪ Keyword : bariatric surgery, cognitive dissonance, multivitamin adherence, self-care, self-efficacy

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Micronutrient deficiencies are common among bariatric patients; this study aimed to determine whether a cognitive dissonance-based virtual program improved adherence to multivita-min use in bariatric patients from northern Mexico. Methods and Study Design: A randomized controlled trial of the supplementation strategy was conducted over three months. The participants were randomized to an intervention or waitlisted control group and received two psycho-educative and four cognitive dissonance virtual sessions.

▪ Keyword : low-carbohydrate, high-carbohydrate, postprandial glucose, type 2 diabetes, healthy women

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the acute effect of switching low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) to high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on glycemic parameters in healthy women. Methods and Study De-sign: Twenty-two women (age 21.7±4.0 years; HbA1c 5.3±0.3 %, mean±SD) wore flash glucose monitoring system and consumed test meals for 3 days from Day 4 to 6. Participants consumed identical HCD meals ex-cept LCD dinner on Day 5. The energy ratio of carbohydrate, fat, and protein were 64%, 21%, and 15% for HCD and 47%, 35%, and 18% for Day 5 with LCD dinner (19%, 59%, and 22%).

▪ Keyword : older adults, patients, hospital, dysphagia, malnutrition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The number of older adults is increasing rapidly in Vietnam. They suffer from various health problems, including malnutrition and dysphagia. By using a simple screening questionnaire such as the Mini Nutritional Assessment - Short Form (MNA-SF) and 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), nutritional and dysphagic status were screened in this study. The study aimed to determine the preva-lence of and relationship between malnutrition and dysphagia in Vietnamese older adult inpatients. Methods and Study Design: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study and conducted in three large hospitals in northern Vietnam. The data about nutritional status and dysphagia status of 1007 older inpatients were col-lected by dietitians.

▪ Keyword : albumin, nutrition, health, chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Dietary supplementation for haemodialyzed (HD) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its benefits for the anthropometric profiles remain contentious. This study analysed changes in the albumin levels and anthropometric profiles of HD patients within 3 months of nutritional ther-apy. Methods and Study Design: Sixty-three malnourished HD patients (Subjective Global Assessment nutri-tion status B or C) were enrolled. Twenty patients received counselling, 17 patients received oral therapy, 26 patients received intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN), and were evaluated at month 0, month 1, and month 3.

▪ Keyword : malnutrition, appetite, hemodialysis, chronic kidney disease, nutritional status

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk for malnutrition. This study aimed to 1) Investigate the prevalence of malnutrition among CKD patients undergoing maintenance HD; 2) Assess level of knowledge and appetite among patients; 3) Identify potential predictors of malnutrition. Methods and Study Design: This cross-sectional study included 71 CKD patients on HD who were recruited from two principal outpatient dialysis centers located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

▪ Keyword : Vitamin D, Physical activity, chronic kidney disease, Pakistan

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To compare the differences in musculoskeletal health with vitamin D alone in comparison with vitamin D with physical activity (PA) among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Meth-ods and Study Design: An open labeled, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at two tertiary care cen-ters in Pakistan. Patients with CKD stage 2–4 and vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) were recruited in the trial. Both the arms were given oral vitamin D (cholecalciferol) drops (4000 IU) once daily for three months. One arm received only vitamin D (VD arm), while the second arm received vitamin D along with PA (VDPA arm).

▪ Keyword : type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, vitamin D deficiency, middle aged and elderly individu-als, longitudinal study

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency has been considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic car-diovascular disease (ASCVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of ASCVD in Chinese, especially in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods and Study Design: Based on the "REACTION" study conducted in 2011, some 9,014 Lanzhou residents aged 40-75 years were followed from 2014 to 2016. A total of 7,061 with complete data were analyzed. Baseline population was classified into four groups based on 25(OH)D quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate relations between 25(OH)D concentration and ASCVD.