Volume 31 Issue 3

▪ Keyword : chronic kidney disease (CKD), dietary therapy, fermented low protein genmai (LPFG), dysbiosis, leaky gut

▪ Content : Low protein rice can be part of a nutritionally adequate dietary pattern in the prevention of chronic kidney disease. We developed a low protein fermented genmai (brown rice) LPFG) to improve chronic kidney dis-ease (CKD) management. The principal functional features of brown rice are retained in LPFG, lessening the negative spiral of gut-kidney associative spiral attributable to uremic dysbiosis and a leaky gut. LPFG is char-acterized by (1) an energy value the same as white rice, (2) a protein content less than 0.2 g/ 100 g, (3) a po-tassium content almost zero, (4) phosphorus less than a quarter that of conventional rice, (5) the presence of dietary fiber, (6) having γ-oryzanol, and (7) antioxidant activity.

▪ Keyword : head and neck cancer, surgery patients, multidisciplinary, standardised nutritional management, nutritional status

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study investigated the effect of continuous perioperative nutritional sup-port provided by a multidisciplinary team (MDT) to patients who underwent surgery for head and neck can-cer (HNC). Methods and Study Design: This study enrolled 99 patients with HNC and divided them into two groups: a management group (n=48), comprising patients who underwent surgery between August and De-cember 2020 and received continuous perioperative nutritional support from the MDT; and a control group (n=51), comprising patients who underwent surgery between June and December 2017 and received routine nutritional guidance.

▪ Keyword : COVID-19, elderly Patients, malnutrition, mortality

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Malnutrition is common in elderly patients and is an important geriatric syn-drome that increases mortality. We aim to examine the frequency of malnutrition and independent risk fac-tors associated with mortality in hospitalized elderly patients with COVID-19. Methods and Study Design: Patients aged 65 years and older with COVID-19, who were hospitalized between 15th March and 30th April 2020, were included. Demographic characteristics of the patients, their comorbid diseases, medications, mal-nutrition, and mortality status were recorded. Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 was used as a malnutrition risk screening tool. The factors affecting mortality were analyzed using multivariate Binary Logistic regression analysis.

▪ Keyword : perimenopause, health education, dietary intervention, resistance movement, climacteric symptoms

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of health education, diet and exercise interventions on the climacteric symptoms of perimenopausal women. Methods and Study Design: A total of 78 perimenopausal women in a gynaecological clinic from June 2018 to August 2018 were recruited and divided randomly into the following three groups: A (centralised education alone), B (health education + per-sonalised diet guidance) and C (health education + personalised diet guidance + intensive resistance exercise). The changes in diet score, exercise habits and climacteric symptoms were observed after 3 months

▪ Keyword : glycemic index, glycemic load, satiety, flaxseed, snack bars

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have garnered schol-arly attention for their roles in weight management and glycemic control. Flaxseed is a good source of fiber, lignans, and omega-3 fatty acids. This study evaluated healthy individuals’ acute glycemic response and sa-tiety following the consumption of flaxseed-enriched snack bars. Methods and Study Design: Nineteen healthy men and women consumed flaxseed bars or a glucose solution containing 50 g of available carbohy-drates. Capillary blood glucose concentrations were obtained through the finger-prick test.

▪ Keyword : dietary pattern, pregnancy nutrition, prenatal nutrition, nutritional status, nutritional requirements

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Maternal nutrition is important for healthy pregnancy, but it has not been well studied among pregnant women in Hong Kong. This study aims to examine the dietary pattern and nutritional intake of women in early pregnancy, and the associations between dietary patterns, dietary quality, and other health parameters. Methods and Study Design: This is a prospective cohort study of healthy Chinese preg-nant women, recruited at their first antenatal appointment. Dietary intakes were assessed by a locally validat-ed food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis.

▪ Keyword : gestational diabetes mellitus, puerperal practice, weight retention, insulin resistance, postpartum metabolism

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: With gestational diabetes (GDM), women have a higher risk for future type 2 diabetes, and risk factors for diabetes for it are amplified. Whether this phenomenon is affected by tradition-al puerperal or postpartum practices among Chinese women who develop gestational diabetes is unclear. This has been explored in a Cantonese cultural setting to enable relevant risk management. Methods and Study Design: Some 138 women were followed before, during and after pregnancy in accordance with Cantonese Puerperal Practices (CPP), and occurrence of GDM and exclusive breast-feeding. Body compositional and cardiometabolic information were collected. These included glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.

▪ Keyword : Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, recurrence, diet, risk factors

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial condition involving the complex interplay of genomics, microbiota, immunology, environment, and personal behaviors, particularly diet. Methods and Study Design: A case–control study in a tertiary referral hospital. Fifty patients with IBD and 50 controls without gastrointestinal diseases were enrolled consecutively from October 1, 2016, to De-cember 31, 2017. Sociodemographic and Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) were completed, and die-tary risk factors for IBD were identified

▪ Keyword : metabolic syndrome, psychomotor behaviors, non-obese, older people, Indonesia

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The problem of metabolic syndrome among non-obese older people is often ignored. This study examines the risk factors for metabolic syndrome in non-obese older people in Indonesia. We analyzed information collected from 3323 non-obese older respondents interviewed in the 2018 Basic Health Research program. Methods and Study Design: The outcome variable was the metabolic syndrome consisting of three components: high lipid profile, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. The potential predic-tors analyzed were socio-demographic and behavioral factors consisting of psychomotor (cigarette smoking + physical activity) and dietary behavior (consumption of fat + fruit/vegetable).

▪ Keyword : stroke, hemorrhagic, ischemic, vegetarian, vegan

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Vegetarian and prudent diets are associated with several health benefits but their role in stroke epidemiology is not as clear. This study aimed to evaluate stroke risk with vegetarian, low-animal, and high-animal diets. Methods and Study Design: Studies reporting stroke risk with high versus low use of vegetarian or low/high-animal diets were identified by conducting literature search in Ebsco, Ovid, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases. Relative risks (RRs) of stroke between high and low use of vegetarian, low-animal, and high-animal were pooled to achieve overall estimates. Relationship be-tween stroke risk and increasing quantiles of dietary patterns was sought by performing metaregression anal-yses

▪ Keyword : COVID-19, dietary diversity, food choice motive, older Japanese

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: We examined how food choice motives and dietary habits changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and Study Design: Four hundred elderly Japanese completed an online questionnaire in early May in 2021. Participants were retrospectively asked about their intake of food groups and food choice motives before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dietary diversity was determined using the dietary variety score calculated from the food frequency questionnaire with 10 food groups. The im-portance of each of the nine food choice motives for elderly people was assessed. Each scores ranged from 1 to 5. Changes in food choice motives and dietary behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed using the paired t-test and a general linear model.

▪ Keyword : protein, inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, meta-analysis

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Although the association between dietary protein intake and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk has been investigated, the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to reassess the relationship between dietary protein intake and IBD risk. Methods and Study Design: The PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Wanfang databases were searched for pertinent studies through Janu-ary 31, 2020. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived using a random-effect model. Subgroup analyses according to disease type, geographic location, and sex; sensitivity analysis; and publication bias analysis were performed.

▪ Keyword : medical nutrition therapy (MNT), multidisciplinary, overweight, obesity, obesity management

▪ Content : Obesity has become a global “epidemic”. At this stage, overweight / obesity has become a major public health problem that seriously affects not only adults but also children and adolescents worldwide. Medical nutritional therapy is the basic treatment for obesity and an indispensable measure for prevention and control at any stage in the course of obesity. Management of co-morbidities and improving the quality of life of obese patients are also included in treatment aims. In recent years, there have been some guidelines on the nutrition management of overweight/obesity. However, the management of nutrition and lifestyle interven-tions must be compatible with specific regional dietary habits and social culture.

▪ Keyword : intestinal failure, adult, nutritional management

▪ Content : Intestinal failure (IF) is a clinical condition resulting from intestinal resection or disease-associated malab-sorption or dysmotility. It is characterized by the reduction of functional gut capacity below the minimum needed for adequate digestion and absorption of nutrients. The priority of management is maintaining opti-mal nutritional and metabolic support until maximum bowel adaptation. The nutritional intervention is the cornerstone of treatment for IF, incorporating the parenteral nutrition (PN) support, enteral nutrition (EN) and oral feeding regimen. The individualized nutritional strategy requires a multidisciplinary approach and should be tailored to the specific pathophysiological characteristics.

▪ Keyword : lung cancer, skeletal muscle mass, ASMI, RASM, L3 SMI

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Both bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and electron computed tomogra-phy (CT) can be used as tools for assessing skeletal muscle mass. In order to find a more suitable method for assessing skeletal muscle mass in lung cancer patients, this study conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of the two methods. Methods and Study Design: We collected baseline data from patients admitted to the oncology department of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from October 2017 to Decem-ber 2021, and collected data through physical examination, body composition analysis measurements and CT examinations.

▪ Keyword : home enteral nutrition, hospital to home, online clinic, offline clinic, revisit

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Home enteral nutrition was reported to be a treatment reducing malnutrition rates and improving the rational allocation of medical resources. We aim to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and improved the management of home enteral nutrition. Methods and Study Design: 3953 patients with home enteral nutrition were enrolled in West China Hospital, located in Sichuan province, be-tween January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021.

▪ Keyword : oral nutrition supplement, non-protein, energy supplement, chronic kidney disease, malnutrition

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Malnutrition, mainly caused by inadequate energy intake, predicts poor prog-nostic outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. In this study, we aim to explore the effect of non-protein energy supplement in CKD stage 3b-5 (CKD3b-5) malnourished patients with or without receiving continuous peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods and Study Design: 30 patients with CKD3b-5 and 20 patients who received PD were identified as malnourished according to Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and en-rolled into this clinical study. Compared with the control group which just received regular nutrition counsel-ing, an additional non-protein energy supplement (600kcal) was given to the participants for 12 weeks in the intervention group.

▪ Keyword : low-carbohydrate diet, low-fat diet, overweight, obesity, impaired glucose regulation

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) versus low-fat diet (LFD) on weight loss, glycemic control and metabolic risk factors in individuals with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) after 10-week intervention. Methods and Study Design: In this 10-week randomized controlled trial, 90 obese/overweight adults with IGR were randomly assigned to consume either low-carbohydrate diet (20%-25% energy from carbohydrates, 30%-45% energy from fat, 40%-45% energy from protein), or low-fat diet (40%-55% energy from carbohydrates, 20%-30% energy from fat, 20%-30% energy from protein), or heath education (HE) group.

▪ Keyword : congenital heart disease, Z-score, malnutrition, dietary nutrient intake, 24-h recall

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the common congenital malformations in children and cause malnutrition. We determine the association between dietary nutrient intake and nutritional status of children with CHD. Methods and Study Design: 428 children of age 1–10 years with CHD admit-ted. The dietary nutrient intake was recorded after 3 days of 24-h recall. The growth and nutritional status of children were evaluated using anthropometric measurements and Z-scores.

▪ Keyword : NMR, magic angle rotation nuclear magnetic resonance, metabolomics, colorectal cancer, pretreatment protocol

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To optimize the pretreatment method of colorectal cancer tissue samples for metabolomics research based on solid-phase nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Methods and Study Design: The mucosal tissues of colorectal cancer were classified into five groups with a volume of 0.2cm*0.2cm*0.2cm. The pretreatment methods for each group were as follows: I. Preservation with liquid nitrogen alone. Samples were also treated with liquid nitrogen for 10 (II), 20 (III), and 30 min (IV), respec-tively, immediately after isolation and then transferred to a -80℃ refrigerator; V. Only -80℃ refrigerator storage.

▪ Keyword : sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, elderly, risk factors, MMSE

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment are the most prevalent causes of disabil-ity in older individuals. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and the association between cognitive impairment and sarcopenia in older patients. Methods and Study Design: A cross-sectional study was undertaken, comprised 250 male patients aged 65 and over. Sarcopenia was defined us-ing the diagnostic recommended consensus by the Asian Working Group for sarcopenia, and the participants were classified into the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups according to this definition. The cognitive functions of older patients were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). After bivariate analyses, a multivariate logistic regression model was constr...

▪ Keyword : GLIM criteria, malnutrition, admission, discharge, older patient

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Assess the different nutritional status between admission and discharged in older adult patients using the GLIM criteria. Methods and Study Design: A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on a multicenter study which initiated in 34 hospitals in China with 2734 hospitalized older patients. The dynamic changes of malnutrition according to GLIM criteria were performed between at admission and discharge, and their significance was analyzed using the chi-square test. The association between malnutrition and clinical outcomes was analyzed using the chi-square test, t-test, or rank sum test, and divided into differ-ent disease types for further analysis

▪ Keyword : kidney transplant, dietary quality, Chinese Diet Balance Index 2016, DBI-16, obesity

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: Little is known the effects of dietary quality (DQ) on kidney transplantation (KTR). We explored the associations between DQ assessed by the Chinese Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16) and overweight or obesity in KTR. Methods and Study Design: KTR aged 18-65 years from Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital were participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measure-ments such as body weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and biochemical parameters were measured by standard methods. Dietary intake was assessed by 3-day, 24-hour food records and DQ by DBI-16. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% Cl) for leading to over-weight in KTR by the components of DBI-16 and DQ scores.

▪ Keyword : NutritionDay, malnutrition, nutritional risk, nutritional support, length of hospital stay

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: NutritionDay is a yearly global point-prevalence study of malnutrition or nutri-tional risk in hospitals. We aimed to provide a comprehensive nutritional survey of hospitalized patients and analyze the risk factors of malnutrition and prolonged hospitalization in Chinese inpatients. Methods and Study Design: The international daylong cross-sectional survey was performed on November 07th, 2019. Ten hospitals were invited to participate in this NutritionDay survey. Nutritional risk was identified by nutri-tional risk screening 2002, and malnutrition was identified by the ESPEN criteria.

▪ Keyword : intestinal failure, home nutrition, body composition, bioelectrical impedance analysis, follow-up management pattern

▪ Content : Background and Objectives: To establish and apply the home nutrition care and follow-up management pat-tern for the treatment of patients with intestinal failure (IF). Methods and Study Design: This retrospective study analyzed patients with IF who received nutrition nursing and follow-up management at the Clinical Nu-trition Treatment Center of Jinling Hospital between January 2018 and April 2022. The changes in nutritional indicators and body compositions of patients before and after standardized management were recorded and compared.